COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 541 



middle of segment 4 (where it loops to contain the eye) ; thence this line 

 curves np, forming two other loops, towards dorsum to the dorsolateral 

 region where it bends forward towards head of larva for a short distance 

 then down towards venter, making a large open loop over the ocellus 

 and finally runs forwards, parallel to the starting portion, to front margin 

 of segment 3 ; the starting point of this fine line is connected with the fine 

 black line bordering the underside of the abovementioiied white band 

 which, later on, runs along the ridge of segment 6 ; the part of the body 

 below this white band on segments 2-5, the belly or venter, the anal flap 

 and prolegs are all a very light, rather watery-green with a bluish shade in 

 it. The black band on segmental membrane behind segment 5 is bordered 

 posteriorly by bluish on the membrane. L : 50mm. when slightly stretched, 

 less when at rest, more when moving ; B : 13mm. at middle of segment 5, 

 the broadest part. 



Pupa.— The pupa is like that of P. buddha, the cvirve of ventral line being- 

 very strong, so that the line from centre of ventral line of wings to head is 

 inclined at an angle of nearly 90° to that from the latter point to 

 cremaster ; in the dorsal line the angle between the corresponding lines 

 (having their junction in segment 4) is 170° ; the thorax is rather short, 

 convex, the lateral outline of the convexity being a curve less than a 

 quarter-circle : there is no suggestion of an apical protuberance to thorax ; 

 the head-points are stout, not long, round-topped and compressed dorsally 

 and ventrally, divergent, and slightly separated at base ; the lateral outline 

 of pupa from base of head-points is parallel-sided as far as front margin of 

 segment 3, broadening out in a gentle curve to hinder margin of segment 4 

 where the body-loop or suspending-thread is fixed, and still more again to 

 middle of segment 7 in a stronger curve, whence the outline decreases in 

 breadth to cremaster ; the dorsal line of abdomen is only slightly curved ; 

 the dorsoventral edge of pupa from shoulder to segment 7 is rather sharp ; 

 the constriction where the body-loop comes is laterally strong, dorsally 

 moderate. The cremaster is that of the ordinary type for Papilio. The 

 surface of the body is dull, shiny only where the intersegmental membrane 

 is visible, smooth; under the lens it is slightly rugose. Spiracles of 

 segment 2 are indicated by a slightly depressed, small, semicircular space 

 on the surface of segment 2 of a dark-green colour ; the other spiracles are 

 oval, raised, rather large, green, with curved, light brown-pink, central slits. 

 The colour of the pupa is rather dark glaucous-green on the wings, light 

 greenish yellow dorsally throughout, light yellowish green ventrally on 

 abdomen ; a broad, yellow, dorsal band from cremaster forward to segment 

 4/5, continued forwards by a brown-pink line as far as front margin of 

 segment 2 ; dorsoventral edge yellow ; a dark dorsolateral spot on centre of 

 "teegments 3, 5, 8 ; there is a small dorsolateral depression on segment 2. 

 L : just over 40mm. ; B : nearly 18mm, at middle of segment 7 ; at 



