MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. 711 



These little ridges are of highly coloured sandstone, and further north 

 beyond Bhuj develop into shale, forming the cliffs of the deep Kari River 

 nulla, and the Dhonsar hills beyond, i.e., 8 miles north. Beyond Dhonsar 

 there outcrops again the warm yellow belt of Belteram. The thickness of 

 shale and sandstone between the belts has been adjudged to be 3,000 feet. 

 So if this fault theory is correct (and it seems very probably so) we must 

 allow for a slip of 3,000 feet. Probably in those far-off days, the Ammo- 

 nites and tJtieir kin thought nothing of a subsidence of 1.000 yards. I 

 may say that Wynne and Fedden found these belteram beds to be the 

 lowest exposed rocks of Cutch. They occur again north of Dhonsar, also 

 along the north coast of Cutch, and again in the Runn islands. 



To my mind (which is, I admit, amateurish, though keen) there are 

 several puzzles in the theory, e. g., one is this : if the white sandstone 

 represents the higher strata, how is it that one finds a white sandstone 

 hill at the north edge of the fault with a cap of solid belteram rocks. The 

 hill is 50 or 60 feet above the nearest belteram. Again how is it that you 

 find scattered over the surface soil of the plain north of the fault, lime- 

 stones with terebratulge, belemnites and sometimes ammonites. These are 

 spread over perhaps half a mile of the plain (northwards). [ have found 

 one such limestone within 200 yards of my bungalow, four miles north and 

 one, a mile north of my bungalow. If, after the occurrence of the fault 

 the sea denuded the north cliffs of the Belteram it may have spread much of 

 the stuff" over the plain, but I should not care to have been out sailing in 

 the storm which carried a block of this limestone, weighing about one cwt. 

 a mile north of the ridge. 



Again, how is it that if life was so prolific in the age of the deposition of 

 the belteram beds, hardly any life seems to have existed in the centuries 

 during which several hundred feet of shale and sandstone were being 

 deposited above it, and yet a few ammonites have, it seems, been found on 

 the summit of the Charwar hills. I found one forlorn belemnite near the 

 top of the highest hill of the range ; poor fellow ; he can have had no club 

 to go to ; and I don't see how it is that if one belemnite could be preserved 

 by the nature of the ooze in which he died, several of his fellows couldn't 

 be preserved too. 



If the life of the Belteram period died out with the formation of its 

 upper deposits, how could the race of ammonites be preserved for the 

 deposits which were formed so much later. The shale and hard limestone 

 slabs which succeeded the Belteram period seem to lie conformably on the 

 Belteram, i.e., they were deposited at the bottom of their sea in unbroken 

 succession to the Belteram strata. As you passed through the pass of the 

 Oharwar range, you could have seen its shaly and limestone strata all 

 dipping south at about 28 '^ , which corresponds to the dip of the Belteram 

 beds just below there. 

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