THE EARTHWORMS OF LAHORE. 



the animal began to move in the tube with the anal side forwards and it 

 appeared as if the worm was sliding out of the cocoon. On the cocoon 

 coming to the region of the genital organs, the worm became still for a 

 time and then again the wriggling movement began, and the animal became 

 free of the cocoon in about ten minutes from the time it began the opera- 

 tion. The measurements of the cocoon are as following : — Lencjth 2| mm., 

 thickness l|mm. (Fig. II, Plate II.) It was of rather a pale white colour, 

 spindle shaped, more or less with a furrow on the original ventral surface 

 and the two ends appeared rather shrivelled up owing to contraction. The 

 cocoon was broken with needles and four ova found in it contained in an 

 albuminous matter. No spermatozoa however could be distinguished. 



Remarks. — The worms required for sectioning were kept in dishes con- 

 taining wet blotting paper which they quite eagerly devoured at first, the 

 earth gradually passing out of the intestine. They were kept for twenty- 

 eight days in this dish, all except two out of a dozen were found alive and 

 it was seen that their colour became distinctly pinkish from the original 

 red. At this time the worms appeared rather sickly and were very 

 sluggish in their movements ; on the blotting paper and dish being changed 

 they became rather active, but only for a very short time when they were 

 killed and preserved. 



Pheretima (Kinb. and Mchlsn.) 



The various worms of this genus can be distinguished as follows : — 



1. No genital papillse surrounding the male 



pores or anterior to them on segment xvii 



(Fig. 1, Plate I) . . . . . . . . Pheretima heterochceta. 



2. A pair of papillte on segments xvii and xix 



slightly internal to the male pore on each 



side (Fig. 2, Plate I) .. .. .. Pheretima posthwna. 



3. Male pore surrounded by two or three geni- 



tal papillse on a raised glandular patch of 

 skin, also five to seven papillse between 

 male pores and a few on segments xvii 



and xix also (Fig. 3, Plate I ) . . . . Pheretima haivayana sub- 



species typica. 



4. Male pore as in the typical form but there 



are no papillse between the male pores 



(Fig. 4, Plate I) . . . . . . . . Pheretima haivayana sub- 



species barbadensis. 

 Pheretima haivayana — subspecies typica (Rosa). 



Was found in very large numbers throughout. The specimens obtained 

 during the months of December and January were very much smaller in 

 dimensions than those found later in March and April which were very 

 much larger and more robust. 

 External characters — 



. Length. — 100-120mm., diameter 3-4mm., segments about 90. 

 Colour. — Yellowish brown. 



Prostomium epilobus ^. Segments i — v consist of single annuli vi of two 

 annuli, all the rest except a few at the end of three annuli each ; of those at 

 the end first few have two annuli each, while the rest do not show any 

 secondary annulation. 



Seta. — Usually there is a dorsal and a ventral break. 

 aa = li ab zz = If yz 



ab l_bc/_cd yzy xy ah ^yz 



In some cases the ventral break was not to be seen and in others in the 

 posterior part of the body the setse were disposed in a more or less 

 15 



