THE PALMS OF BRITISH INDIA AND CEYLON. 535 



187 miTst be deducted, leaving a yearly profit of Es. 323 per acre to 

 the cultivating landowner, presumably from established plantations. 

 The proximity of the second citj^ in the British Empire, and the con- 

 sequent high value of toddy, no doubt, is an important factor in this 

 -estimate" (Woodrow). 



Illusteation. — Plate LXXXVI shows a characteristic grove of 

 Coco-nut Palms on Bombay Island. The photograph was taken by 

 Rev. Fr. M, Maier. 



Suh-genus II. — GLAZIOVA — Syagrus (partim) Mart. — Glaziova 

 et Gocos sectionis Syagri (eKcl. s^j. typica^ Drude. 



Female flowers ovate-conical, acute ; sepals acute, tips in aestiva- 

 tion free (always ?) ; petals at the base con volute-imbricate, with 

 Talvate tips. 



Fruit small or of medium size, unilocular ; pericarp fleshy-fibrous 

 or dry ; endocarp woody, bon}'- or stony, not callous on the inner 

 surface, uniform, longitudinally 3-striped, the pores subbasilar ; the 

 dissepiments membranous or papery ; albumen equable, more or 

 less hollow ; embryo basilar. 



Species about 17. In tropical South America, except the 

 western region of the Andes. 



COCOS OLERACEA, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. II, p. 117, t. 82 (exl. fig. 

 Ill ?) et tab. Z. f. VIII ; Z. II, f. XIV ; Z. X. V., f. 1, et vol. Ill, p. 324 ; 

 H. Wendl. in Kerch. Palm. 241 ; Drude in Mart. Fl. Bras.— Ill, p. II, 416 

 '{excl. syn. Syagri picrophyll(S . B. — R. ?) et. var. (3 platyphylla {partim.) 

 Drude i. c. 417 ? ; Barb.— Rodr. Les Palm. p. 28, t. Ill, f . 3 a. h.—Palma 

 iraiba, Piso, Bras. ed. 1658, p. 129.— Rai, Hist. II, p. 1361. 



Names. — Cabbage coconut tree, Iraiba ; Coqueiro amargozo 

 {Brazil). 



Description. — Stem erect or slightly flexuose, 60-80 feet high, 

 ■thicker at the base, almost 1 foot in diameter. Leaves dense, 6-8 

 feet long, arcuate-deflexed ; leaflets linear, subfalcate. acute, 1 foot 

 long and more, 3-4 (rarely 5-6) approximate, dark green above, 

 glaucous beneath. 



Spadix rising from between the inner leaves, first erect, then 

 patent or nodding, l-|-2 feet long ; peduncle terete or slightly 

 -compressed, glabrous, greenish-white ; rhachis terete-angular, divi- 

 •ded into simple branches ; bracts membranous, transversely linear, 

 at the base of the single branches and some bigger ones on the 

 peduncle. Spathe 1^-2 feet long, subclavate, linear-lanceolate when 

 -open, longitudinally furrowed, Male flowers with small membran- 

 ous bracts ; calyx scarcely 1 line long, triangular ; sepals 3, acute- 

 pyramidal, pale. Corolla 4-5 lines long, yellow ; petals erect, linear- 

 lanceolate, acute. Stamens included; filaments subulate, white, 

 short, united at the base ; anthers linear, obtuse, emarginate at the 

 Ibase. Pistillode, minute, subtrigonous. Female flowers conical. 



