6)6 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST . SOCU^TY, Vol. XXif. 



plants whose leaves are arranged in a whorl. The whorled scaly leaves in 

 Casuarina take up their position along the line of the spiral. The axilliary 

 buds often develop into normal shoots thus behaving very much in the 

 manner of the fasciated bodies mentioned above. 



Sorauer (^) suggests the possibility that this spiral twisting in plants 

 may be a kind of fasciation but brings forward no evidence of the allied 

 nature of the two. The fact that both these structures occur in Casuarina 

 under the same external conditions — excess of water supply — and give rise 

 to normal shoots under dry conditions, lends support to Sorauer's view. In 

 fact both the structures are found occurring on the same branch as Fig. I. 

 in the Plate shows. 



Plate. — Fig. I., Casuarina equisetifolia ; the two malformations occurring 

 on the same twig at a and b. 



Fig. II., 2b, c, d, e: Various malformations to compare with (normal) a. 



M. J. NARASIMHAN, b.a. 



Mysokb Ageicultukal Depaktment, 

 Bangaloue, hecember 1915. 



No. XXXIV.— OCCURRENCE OF THE FERN PERANEMA 

 CYATHEOIBES AT A COMPARATIVELY LOW ALTITUDE. 



According to Colonel R. H. Beddome (Bed. Ferns of British India, 1883, 

 p. 22) Peranema cyatheoides (Don) has been found in Nepal, Bhootan, 

 Khasya, and Anamallys at heights between 4,500 to 10,000 ft. above the 

 sea level. La] a Shiv Ram Kashyap, B.A. (Cantab.), M.Sc, Professor of 

 Botany, Govt. College, Lahore, collected last summer during his tour in 

 Garhwal some pinnse which could only be referred to the same species. The 

 place where he found them is near Mandal Chatti in the valley between the 

 Alaknanda and the Mandakini at a height between 3,000 and 3,500 ft. 

 above the sea level. The sori are globose and on the back of veins, in- 

 dusium pedicellate, inferior and globose ; veins free and forked ; ultimate 

 pinnules sessile. 



S. L. GHOSE, M. Sc, 

 Asstt. Professor of Botany, Govt. College. 



Govt. College, Lahoke, 

 9,th April 1916. 



Q) Sorauer: Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten Bd. 1. Die nicht- 

 parasitare krankheiten. 



Sorauer says " Wir glauben dass es kein unzutreffendes Bild 

 ist wen wir diezwangsdrehung eine tonnen-forming anfge- 

 blasene Fasciation ansehen. 



