840 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL KLST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXIV. 



cells ; styles 4, distinct at the base, where they spring from the inner angle 

 of the carpels above the common axis ; united upwards into a single pistil 

 which is attenuated toward the apex ; stigma 4-flowered. Fruit a roundish 

 capsule, warted, 4-lobed, each lobe opening into 2 valves ; seeds angled ; 

 testa pitted, albumen fleshy ; embryo slightly curved. 



Synonyms : Ruta angustifolia, Pers. Enchir. I, 464. — Ruta chcdepensis, Vill. 

 Hist. PI. Dauph. iV, 383 ; Wall. Cat. 7113. (According to Hooker in Fl. 

 Brit. Ind. I, 485, it is Wallich who has given the name cTialepenms ; as a 

 matter of fact, however, Wallich has only adopted Villars' name which had 

 been given to the plant a number of years before). 



Distribution : From Greece through Southern France to the Canaries and 

 northwards to Central Germany. North Africa. In most other countries 

 introduced. 



Cultivation in India : As to the time when the plant was introduced in 

 India, I have found only one note by Whitelaw Ainslie in his Materia 

 Indica, where he says : " It (the Eue) is growing in the botanical garden 

 of Calcutta, introduced from Europe and Asia in 1800. It is also 

 growing now in Ceylon." As to the Bombay Presidency, Graham (1) 

 writes in 1839 that it was cultivated in gardens, but that it was by no 

 means conuuon. In 1861 Dalzell and Gibson (2) say that it is " now 

 extensively cultivated below the Ghats." At present it is grown in gar- 

 dens throughout India, especially on the hills. It J^grows freely in any 

 good soil and is propagated by cuttings in the damp weather. 



Popular names : 



English : Rue, Common Eue, Garden Rue, Herb of Grace. The name 

 Rue is derived from the Latin Ruta, which is the same as the 

 Greek rhute, the Peloponnesian word for the plant known as 

 peganon, the name of a bushy herb, belonging to the genus 

 Ruta, especially Ruta graveolens. It was called Herb of Grace 

 from its association with "rue", sorrow, repentance Old English 

 hreow, from hreowan, to be sorry for). 



German : Raute (Middle High German : rute, later High German 

 about the 11th century, ruta). 



French : Rue. 



Italian and Russian : Ruta. 



Spanish and Portuguese : Ruda. 



Hind. : Sadab, pismarum, satari, amda. 



Bombay : Satap. 



Mar. : Sudda,b, Sataioa, suntap. 



Guz. : Seradab, Sitapa. 



Kan. : Nagadali-sappu. 



Decc. : Saaf, Sadaf, pismarum, satari. 



Central Prov. : Sitab. 



Punj. : Sudab, katmal. 



Uriya : Maruya. 



Bengal : Ispund, ermul. 



Tamil : Aruda, Arvada. 



Tel. : Suddapu aku, Sadapa, Arudu. 



Sing. : Aruda. 



(1) Graham, J. Catalogue of the plants g-ro wing in Bombay and its vicinity. 

 Bombay, 18.39. Page 8(). 



(2) Dalzell and Gibson. Bombay Flora; ISrtl. Supplement, p- 17 . 



