COMMON BUTTERILIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 95 



have been mentioned here. There is another species, 8. da^^halis, 

 Moore, from the Western Himalaj^as, Chitral, &c., in both sexes 

 •of which the ground-colour is Avhite. 



96. Huphina nerissa. — Wet season brood — S • Tlp^erside : white, a greyish- 

 blue shade at base of wings and along the veins, due to the dark markings 

 on the underside that show through. Fore wing : veins black ; apex and 

 termen black, the inner margin of that colour extended in an irregular 

 f!urve from middle of costa to base of terminal third of vein 4, thence con- 

 tinued obliquely outwards to the tornal angle ; interspaces 6 and 9 with 

 short narrow greyish-white streaks of the ground-colour that stretch into 

 the black apical area but do not reach the margin ; a short black, subter- 

 minal bar between veins 3 and 4 and another, less clearly defined, between 

 veins 1 and 2. Hind wing : veins 4 to 7 with outwardly-dilated, broad, 

 black edgings that coalesce sometimes and form an anterior, irregular, 

 black, terminal margin to the wing. Underside : fore wing : white, the veins 

 broadly margined on both sides by dusky black ; costal margin broadly and 

 apex suffused with yellow ; subterminal black bars between veins 1 and 2 

 and 3 and 4 as on the upperside but less clearly defined. Hind wing : 

 entirely suffused with yellow, the veins diffusely bordered with black ; a 

 more or less incomplete, subterminal series of dusky spots in interspaces 1 

 to 6 ; more often than not the spot in 5 entirely absent ; a conspicuous 

 chrome-yellow spot on the precostal area. Antennee black, obscurely 

 speckled with white ; head and thorax bluish grey ; abdomen dusky black ; 

 beneath : the palpi and abdomen white, the thorax yellow. 2 similar to 

 the S but very much darker. TJfperside : veins more^broadly bordered with 

 black ; in many specimens only the following portions of the white ground 

 colour are apparent : — -Fore wing : a broad streak in cell and beyond it a 

 discal series of streaks in interspaces 1 to 6, 9 and 10 ; the streak in inter- 

 spaces 1 and 3 very broadly interrupted by the transverse black bars ; that 

 in 6 more or less obsolescent. Hind wing : broad streak in cell, a discal 

 .series of streaks in interspaces 2 to 7, and a posterior, more or less obsoles- 

 cent, subterminal series of greyish-white, double spots. Underside: similar 

 to that of the S , only the veinsaiiuch more broadly margined with diffused 

 black scaling. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in the cJ • 



Dry-season brood. — S $ : differ from the wet-season brood as follows : — 

 S . Upperside : fore wing : the apical and terminal black area much restrict- 

 ed ; veins concolorous ; black, subterminal bars less clearly defined ; the 

 lower one often obsolete. Hind wing : the black markings on the termen 

 represented by short triangular irrorations of black scales at the apices 

 -chiefly of the anterior veins. Underside: as in the wet-season specimens, 

 but the yellow much paler and somewhat ochraceous in tint. — 5 differs 

 less from the wet-season $ , but the black markings on both the upper and 

 undersides are narrower and less pronounced,* and on the latter the yellow 

 suffusion is paler and ochraceous in tint. Expanse : 64-76 mm. 



Variety phnjne, Fabr. — Can be distinguished from the typical form as 

 follows :— (5 $ . Invariably smaller. Wet-season brood — Upperside: fore wing: 

 in addition to the subterminal black bars between veins 1 and 2, and 3 

 and 4 another black bar above vein 5, that joins on to the black in the 

 apex and completely isolates the short, narrow, preapical streaks of the 

 gx'ound-colour, that in the typical form are merely continuations of the 

 colour at the bases of the interspaces in which the streaks lie. Underside : 

 the above noted black markings or bars very conspicuous, especially between 

 veins 5 and 6. Hind wing : the subterminal transverse series of dusky 

 spots in the interspaces replaced by a nearly continuous prominent, dusky 

 black band, interrupted only in interspace 5. 



