334 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXII, 



colour is conspicuously apparent on the black margin of the wing. Hind- 

 wing ; the white ground-colour much restricted and appears merely as a 

 comparatively large, upper-discal patch and four or five postdiscal spots, 

 Underside : white ; the black markings of the upperside show well through 

 by transparency ; the areas covered by them are more or less densely 

 irrorated on the hind wing with yellow scales, which are also less densely 

 scattered over the apex of the fore wing. 



Dry-season brood. — Male, upperside : differs from the wet-season form 

 chiefly in the black streaks at the apex and along the anterior portion of 

 the termen on the fore wing which do not extend so far inwards, although 

 the streaks are themselves broader. Hind wing : the series of connected 

 triangular, black spots along the termen reduced to incomplete series of 

 terminal spots, or altogether absent. Underside : white with an obscure 

 yellowish tinge on the apex of fore wing and the whole of the hindwing. 

 Forewing with an irroration of black scales along the base of the costa 

 which spread into the cell. Hind wing with a short, diff'use cross-bar of 

 like scales on the disc. — Female, upp)e'>'side : as in the wet-season form but 

 the black markings are more restricted and allow more of the white 

 ground-colour to appear. Underside : similar to the underside in the 

 day-season form of the male, but the irroration of black scales on the 

 forewing fills the cell, extends in a narrow streak in interspace 4 and 

 meets an oblique, postdiscal, lunular band of like scales ; on the hind- 

 wing the discal cross-bar of black scaling broader. Antennee, head, 

 thorax and abdomen in both sexes and in both seasonal forms as in 

 lihythea. Expanse 54-68mm. 



Habits. — No information as to the breeding of this species is 

 available; bnt the foodplant of the larva is sure to be a Caper of 

 some sort. The species (Colonel Bingham treats it as a race of 

 libythea) is easily distinguished from lihythea by the border of 

 conspicuous black vein-streaks all round both wings on the upperside 

 in the male. The two species meet in Bengal in the plains. This 

 is broadly speaking, the eastern representative of the western and 

 southern lihythea. It's distribution, is Sikhim at low elevations; 

 the plains of Bengal; Assam; Biirma; Tenasserim; extending into 

 Siam. 



103. Appias hippo. — Wet-season hrood: — Male, ^<JJ•j9e?^s■^c?e : white ; along the 

 costal margin of the forewing and the terminal margin of the hindwing 

 somewhat broadly bluish, due to the black colour of the underside that 

 shows plainly through ; costal margin of forewing irrorated densely on basal 

 half, more sparingly on apical half, with black scales ; terminal margins of 

 both fore and hindwings edged with black, this colour produced triangular- 

 ly inwards along the veins for a short distance ; veins of both wings white, 

 subcostal vein and veins above vein 6 on forewing black. Underside, fore- 

 wing : white ; extreme base of costa irrorated with black scales, sometimes 

 condensed into a broad edging along the costal margin which is widened at 

 the apex and continued along the terminal margin in a gradually narrow-' 

 wing border to the tornus, the terminal edging inwardly produced along 

 the veins as on the upperside ; a large yellow or white oval spot superposed 

 on the black area at apex in interspace 6. Hindwing : sulphur-yellow ; 

 veins concolorous ; terminal margin with a black edging as on the upperside 

 but much broader though not so prominently produced inwards along the 

 veins. Antennee black, sparingly dotted with minute, white dots ; head, 

 thorax and abdomen white with a bluish tinge. Female, upperside: dusky 

 blackish-brown, variegated more or less with white on the forewing in 



