COMMON BUTTERFLIES 01 THE PLAINS 01 INDIA. 341 



apex broadly black : termen with a series of inwardly pointed, triangular, 

 black spots at the apices of the veins ; these spots confluent along the 

 extreme margin ; between veins 3 and 6 a short, postdiscal, black line 

 that ends posteriorly in a large black spot in interspace 3 ; this line con- 

 fluent along the veins with the black on the termen, the two thus enclosing 

 between them a vertical series of three prominent, white spots. Hind- 

 wing : a terminal series of black spots at the apices of the veins, these 

 spots elongate and prominent anteriorly, posteriorly difluse. Underside, 

 forewing : white, apex from above an oblique line that passes through 

 base of vein 6, ochraceous ; a very difi'use, black-irrorated, curved, oblique 

 band from costa to termen borders the ochraceous apex ; in most 

 specimens this is obsolete or only a trace of it is to be seen ; a prominent, 

 large, quadrate, postdiscal spot in interspace 3 and a greenish-yellow 

 tinge at base of wing. Hindwing : entirely ochraceous yellow. — Female, 

 upperside : white. Forewing : base up to and a little beyond middle of 

 cell thickly irrorated with black scales which gives these parts a dark 

 grey appearance ; costa and a little more than the apical half of the wing 

 jet black ; the inner margin of the black irregular, formed into a square, 

 angular projection on vein 3, thence it extends outwards along that 

 vein, crosses transversely to vein 2, below which it projects inwards 

 difl'usely in interspace 1 and thence extends obliquely outwards 

 to the dorsum ; finally there is an oblique, preapical row of four 

 white spots in pairs enclosed within the black area. Hindwing : 

 the base and a broad band to the tornus thickly irrorated with black 

 scales ; terminal third of wing black, the inner margin of the black area 

 curved and difluse ; a slight yellowish-green tinge on dorsal margin and at 

 base. Underside forewing ; similar to upperside but the cell, except at his 

 lower apical portion, yellowish green ; apical area broadly nacreous blue 

 tinged at the extreme apex with greenish. Hindwing ; nacreous blue, 

 sometimes pink, the vains and the terminal margin narrowly and diffusely 

 bordered by greenish yellow ; curved postdiscal and subterminal, ill- 

 defined and irregular, broad bands purplish black. Antennae black speckled 

 with white ; head and thorax in male with bluish-grey, in female with 

 greenish-grey, long hairs; abdomen greyish black ; beneath: thorax yellow, 

 abdomen white. Anal tufts in the male brown. 



Dri/season brood. — Male, upperside : similar to the wet-season specimens 

 but the black markings on forewing much restricted and often difluse ; 

 the postdiscal, short, black band and the black spot in interspace 3 often 

 only indicated by a few difi'use scales. On the hindwing the terminal 

 series of spots is much less prominent. Underside : as in the wet-season 

 form but of the black markings only the square spot in interspace 3 is 

 left. Female, upper and undersides : very similar to those of the wet- 

 season male. Extreme dry-season specimens lose the postdiscal, short, 

 black barfd on the forewing. Antennee, head, thorax and abdomen in 

 both sexes as in the male of the wet-season form. Expanse 48 — 66mm. 



Habits. — There is no record of the breeding of this species, as 

 such. The distribution of leis as given by Colonel Bingham is 

 " Burma and Tenasserim." He says he has '• seen specimens 

 from Siani, the Malay Peninsula, Java down to Lombok " also. 



107. Appias wardi. — Wet-season brood.— Male, iq}p)erside : White. Fore- 

 wing: base densely and broadly irrorated with black scales which gradually 

 merge, along the costa, into the black, apical area that occupies about one- 

 third of the wing ; the inner margin of this area irregular, passing in a 

 curve from costa to vein 4, thence vertically to vein 3 outwards in inter- 

 space 2 and irregularly to dorsum ; a curved, preapical series of four or 



