SCIENTIFIC RESULTS FROM THE MAMMAL SURVEY. 441 



ated muzzle, more so than in any other member of the genns, 

 while in entellus the facial region is not markedly prolonged, the 

 nasals lying in a more vertical position. The orbits are large in 

 diameter, almost equal to those of the Himalayan species, the inter- 

 orbital breadth being considerably less. The brain case is relatively 

 large and not so constricted in the temporal region as schistaceus. 

 The zygomatic arches are widely spread and stoutly built. The 

 palate is broad and rather deeply sunk, almost as much as in the 

 larger species ; the palates of these two monkeys are, however, 

 strikingly distinct : in entellus it is flat without any conspicuous 

 depressions, while in schistaceus the anterior and posterior palatal 

 depressions are most marked, so much so that the palate is raised 

 into a well-defined ridge down the mid-line. The teeth of entellus, 

 though of good size, are considerably smaller than those of schista- 

 ceus ; in old males the canines appear almost as long, but not so 

 massive, as in the mountain species. 



Concerning the qiiestion of individual variation, the specimens 

 collected in Bengal, the Central Provinces and Kathiawar exhibit 

 some astonishing differences in size, both as regards teeth and general 

 cranial dimensions. The cheek teeth in the males show a maximum 

 length of 3 7" 2 mm. (Bengal), and a minimum of 32-5 mm. (Hosh- 

 angabad). At first sight this difference would appear of specific 

 value, but when the other skulls are taken into consideration it is 

 evident that such variation must be looked upon as individual. 

 Thus from Kathiawar, the Hanuman's Western limit, Mr. Crump 

 collected an old male which possesses teeth intermediate in size 

 between those of the Bengal and Hoshangabad specimens, measuring 

 35 mm. in length from the front of the first premolar to the 

 back of the last molar. In an old male from Ouda, Balaghat, Central 

 Provinces, the teeth are exactly similar in size. Accompanying 

 this dental difference we find a corresponding variation in the length 

 of the palate : — 48-4 mm. (Hazarebag) and 42-5 mm. (Berar). The 

 other cranial dimensions would appear to be very much more 

 constant, the basilar length, zygomatic breadth, and orbital breadth 

 only varying a few millimetres throughout the series. 



In the case of the female individuals we are met with a much more 

 general variation, not only are the cheek teeth and palate subject 

 to great differences in size but the entire skull in one of the Berar 

 specimens shows similar variations. The following is a comparison 

 of the cranial measurements (in millimetres) of this Berar Langur 

 with females of similar age from Khandesh and Hoshangabad : — 



