COMMON BUTTERFLIES 01 THE PLAINS. 529 



and paralleledly with some 7 impressed lines on each segment 

 (less on segments 2, 3, 4), the intervals between each two lines 

 having a row of little conical, white tubercles, each one bearing a 

 cylindrical, short hair on top of it, some of these hairs carrying a globular 

 drop of clear liquid at the extremity ; there are about 12-20 of these 

 tubercles in a row from spiracular line to spiracular line ; the surface is, 

 besides, finely shagreened-looking under the lens ; some finer hairs on 

 segment 2, longer, as also on ventrum, brown ; the extremity of anal flap with 

 some small, brown tubercles dorsally. The body tubercles may sometimes 

 be green instead of white. Spiracles are small, oval, very slightly convex, 

 situated in the white spiracular band and white like it. Colovir of larva dark 

 green, mostly glaucous on sides with a spiracular, white narrow baud the 

 whole length from head to end of anal flap. L : 22mm.; B : 3mm. 



Pupa. — The pupa is like that of T. lihythea. The head-point is conical 

 and not long, rather sharply pointed ; its axis is in continuation with the 

 longitudinal axis of pupa ; segment 2 is slightly shortest in dorsal line, the 

 front and hinder margin approaching each other at that place : looked at 

 from above it is semielliptical in shape more or less, narrower very slightly 

 at hinder margin than segment 3 (thorax) ; the thorax is only very slightly 

 convex in dorsal line and is rounded behind ; the shoulders are hardly 

 prominent, the pupa is parallel-sided thence to the hinder margin of 

 segment 7, then narrows gradually to segment 12, thence more suddenly 

 to base of cremaster ; this cremaster is rather longer than broad, strong, 

 trapeze-shaped with its sides in even continuation with the body outlines, 

 the nearly square extremity set with short suspensory booklets as well as 

 the adjacent ventral surface ; the wing-bulge is a parabolic curve, the 

 longer side, from snout to just opposite segment 7 (this line gradually 

 diverging from longitudinal axis of pupa) being twice the shorter ; this 

 short side drops from the apex of the curve suddenly to the hinder margin 

 of segment 8. Surface of pupa is slightly shiny and nearly smooth — very 

 finely irregular — aciculate under lens. Spiracles of segment 2 hardly 

 noticeable ; the rest small, oval and white (especially white in the dark 

 specimens). Colour of pupa is generally green with a rather dark violet- 

 grey, dorsal line ; the dorsal margin of wing also violet-grey continued 

 along abdomen above spiracles ; a faint, white, spiracular line ; the line of 

 suture of wings near abdominal end dark. Some pupse are much marked 

 with smoky-grey all over, especially on the surfaces of wings. The 

 snout annularly rugose, yellow, as well as the lateral edges of cremaster in 

 green pupse ; in dark pupas both these latter are dark. L : 17mm. ; B : 

 3'5mm.; H. at wing- bulge : 5 mm. 



Habits. — The eggs are laid singly on young shoots and leaves ; 

 the larva lives at first on a shoot or anywhere alDoiit a leaf, even 

 sometimes on the underside ; later on takes to the midrib on the 

 npperside of a leaf in the normal manner, spinning a bed of silk to 

 lie upon. The pupa is suspended in the ordinary way : as for 

 libythea the body-string being long enough for perfectly free 

 motion ; it is generally formed upon the foodplant, often high up 

 and always on the underside of a midrib or twig. This is the 

 commonest of all the species of Indian Terias ; it is found every- 

 where and is equally plentiful at all seasons of the year. It is a 

 stronger flier than any of the others, keeps on the wing continu- 

 ously for quite a long time and has the normal style of flight ; goes 

 freely to flowers ; often rises quite high up in to the air ; frequents 



