732 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXII. 



This Monkey runs with marvellous rapidity on all fours. It is easily 

 tamed, if taken young, and makes a most interesting pet. It has not the 

 vicious or depraved habits of >S'. rhesus. 



So far as my personal observations go, the breeding season of this 

 Langoor extends throughout the warm weather, as during this period the 

 females are always to be seen with very young ones clinging to them. 

 These very young ones are not seen during the cold months. Mr. John- 

 stone thinks that most of the young ones are born towards the latter end 

 of June, and my own observations coiacide with his in this respect. 

 Neither of us have ever seen a Langoor in charge of two young ones, and 

 we are both unanimous in thinking that they produce only one young at 

 each birth. 



Order— CARNIVORA. 



3. Felis TIGRIS, L. — The Ticjer. 

 (Blanford No. 29.) 



The following facts have been collected in regard to the occurrence of 

 the Tiger in these hills : 



It is found, though very sparingly, in the Duns and lower hills of the 

 Sirmur State. Owing to its increasing rarity, the State have been com- 

 pelled absolutely to prohibit its shooting by sportsmen. A few tigers used 

 to frequent the lower hills in the Bilaspur State (Simla Hill States), but 

 they are now extinct there. Mr. Johnstone tells me that, about thirty 

 years ago, tigers frequented the jungles on the S. E. of Kalka, abutting 

 on the Mornee and Nahan (Sirmur) territory ; and also the jungles in the 

 vicinity of Pinjore (Patiala State). He has himself seen the dead bodies 

 of two tigers that were shot within a few miles of Kalka, and on one 

 occasion, while after peafowl in these jungles, he saw a tiger. 



4. Felis pardus, L. — The Ranther. 

 (Blanford No. 30.) 



(Simla Hill States and Kulu = " Baragh, " " Mirigh " ; Kangra 

 = "Bagh".) 



This animal known to Europeans as the " Leopard, " occurs throughout 

 these tracts, but on account of its great acuteness and vigilance is seldom 

 seen. It is most destructive to cattle, goats, sheep and dogs. I have not 

 heard of a panther turning a man-eater in these hills. 



Owing to want of sufficient material, I regret that I am unable at pre- 

 sent to throw any light on the much disputed point as to whether there is 

 only one or two forms of this animal. All the European sportsmen and 

 Native Shikaris, whom I have consulted, are unanimous in thinking that 

 there are two varieties, and will brook no contradiction on this point. 

 Personally 1 have an open mind on the subject, but must confess that it is 

 somewhat difficult to believe that the small cat-like, round-headed animal, 

 of from 5-6 feet in length, is identical with the powerful panther, 

 measuring almost 8 feet, and as huge as a tigress. It is a matter of 

 considerable regret that sportsmen and others, who have shot numerous 

 panthers in these hills, should not have availed themselves of the materials 

 and facilities at their disposal to try and clear up this vexed 

 question. 



The classification proposed by Mr. Hicks in his book, " Forty years among 

 the wild animals in India," for the two (?) species of this animal, do not 

 appear to be founded on facts, so far as it relates to the caudal vertebrae. 

 Major W. W. Keys reports (J. B. N. H. S., Vol. XXII, p. 189) the number of 

 caudal vertebrae in a small female panthers as 23 ; last winter I counted 24 in 



