42 JOURNAL., BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, Vol. XI. 



Habits. — The method of making the cell, &c., is described in the 

 group. The egg is laid on the underside of a leaf near the point ; 

 the young larva is red in colour ; the larva feeds on "bamboos, 

 principally on Teinoslachyum. See Journal, Bombay Natural History 

 Society, Vol. V, No. 85, pi. F., figs. 3, larva ; 3a, pupa (1890). 

 201. Gangara thyrsis, Fabricius. 

 This is our largest skipper. It is only seen flying at dusk, resting 

 on tree- trunks, rocks, and on the underside of leaves in the darkest 

 places in the jungle during the hours of sunlight. It comes to flowers 

 in the dusk, but is very rapid on the wing and is very difficult 

 to capture ; the larva is, however, abundant all over the district, and 

 we have bred the butterfly in numbers. 



Larva. — Head large, much higher than broad, heart-shaped, dark 

 brown in colour, the colour being however hidden by a white 

 cerous secretion which covers all but the clypeus; slightly hairy 

 on the sides and about the jaws; body cylindrical, broadest about 

 segment 5 ; anal end high, sloping slightly, and broadly rounded 

 at extremity ; surface of body slightly hairy, with light, erect, 

 shortish hairs, especially laterally ; colour of body rosy-brown dor- 

 sally, excepting on segments 2 and 3, which are pale sea-green like 

 the sides ; the larva exudes a white excretion from the surface which 

 hides the green colour and only allows the brown to appear in 

 patches ; this excretion takes the form of long feathery threads 

 arranged in bunches dorsally, being most dense on the sides, of the 

 first three segments. Length 62 mm. 



Pupa. — Eyes very prominent ; thorax moderately humped ; wings 

 very slightly expanded behind the shoulders ; section of abdomen 

 nearly circular ; proboscis nearly half as long again as the total 

 length of the pupa \ segment 12 quite square at the end, with a 

 tooth at each corner, segment 13 appearing as a thin oval piece 

 tacked on behind ; cremaster oblong, stout, curved, not one- 

 third the breadth of segment 12 ; the pupa is broadest at the 

 shoulders and highest at the apex of the thorax ; is fixed only by 

 the tail and rattles against the sides of the cell when disturbed, 

 making a creaking noise by rubbing the abdominal segments to- 

 gether at the margins. The inside of the cell is covered thickly with 

 white powder. Length 40 mm. 



