SOME LAND AND FRESH-WATER SHELLS OF BOMBAY. 263 



from yellow to olive-green ; and, as in the Vitiparidce^ depends on the 

 presence of the periostracum. The shell is often banded with streaks 

 aDd lines, especially in the darker specimens. The operculum is horny 

 and rather solid, with a pinkish tinge. 



This species is apparently the A. malabarica (Phil.) (not of Reeve), 

 which Theobald says is probably a local variety of A. carinata. Our 

 dark-striped specimens closely resemble carinata. 



A. nux (Reeve), our second species, has been described as from 

 Bombay, but as it delights in running streams the specimens found here 

 have probably been water-borne. It is found near Kalian and in the 

 streams on the Ghats in abundance. It is a much smaller and more solid 

 shell than the last, and not so globular, the spire being more produced. 

 Size about 1" X f. The surface, especially of the spire, is often 

 much eroded. Colour of the shell olive-green, interior brownish-pink. 

 Third Family Melaniid^e. 



Of this family we have two representatives if I may be permitted 

 to stray to Kalian. 



Melania tuberculata (Mull.) is a long spiral shell about If" long. It 

 would be pointed but for the fact that the top of the shell is generally 

 truncated by erosion. Young specimens about f" long generally have 

 the spire complete. The full-grown shell is dark olive-green, almost 

 black and slightly roughened or tuberculed by lines running round 

 the shell and longitudinal striations ; young specimen are much lighter 

 in colour, and the tubercules are picked out with red spots. The oper- 

 culum is horny and oval in shape. This species is found all over India 

 and Ceylon. 



From Kalian we have Paludomus obesa (Phil), a little shell about 

 f " X |", colour dark brown and variously spotted, the spots running in 

 lines round the shell. Operculum similar to that of Melania. 



I include this shell as it has been described as "from Bombay." 



All our unoperculated fresh-water shells belong to one family, the 

 Limnceidce. 



Of Limncea we have two species, the first L. pinguis (Dohrn.) is a 

 thin fragile shell having a spotted appearance when alive owing to 

 markings on the animal which show through the transparent shell. In 

 Bombay it runs in size to about f'xf", the spire is not much produced 

 and the shell has a generally rounded appearance. 



