THE BUTTERFLIES OF MUSSOORIE. 589 



227. Colias ladakensis, Felder. 



Obtained rarely at 17,000 feet only in July on the Nilung Pass. 

 228. Gonepteryx rhamni, Linnasus. 



Very common in Mussoorie from April to November. The larva 

 feeds on Rhamnus daliuricus^ Pall., Natural Order Rliamneaz. 

 229. Goneptreyx zaneka, Moore. 



Rare, occurs in Mussoorie and in the interior from April to August. 

 230. Aporia soracta, Moore. 



Occurs in vast numbers for a very short time in April and May in 

 Mussoorie, and in the interior. The larva feeds on Berberis Lycium, 

 Royle, Natural Order Berberidece. It is about 1*15 inches long, of 

 a brown colour, covered with fine and soft hairs. The pupa varies 

 much in colour, some are reddish-brown, others almost white. 

 231. Aporia nabellica, Boisduval. 



Very rare, obtained only at 12,000 or 13,000 feet elevation on the 

 slopes of the hills above the Baspa Valley and on the Borenda Pass in 

 July and August. 



232. Aporia phryxe, Boisduval. 



This is the palest form of the Metaporia group of the genus Aporia, 

 and is somewhat rare in Mussoorie, much more so than A. caphusa, 

 Moore, but occurs at the same time. 



233. Aporia caphusa, Moore. Plate V, Figs. 20a, 206, larva ; 



20c, papa. 



During May and June this butterfly occurs in enormous numbers at 

 Mussoorie (whence it was originally described) on the tops of hills and 

 in shady ravines. The larva feeds on Berberis nepalensis, Spreng., 

 Natural Order Berberidece, and resembles that of A. soracta, Moore, 

 but is larger. It is diGhroic, one form is reddish-brown, the other is 

 green. Fig. 206 was drawn from a specimen preserved in glycerine, 

 which had greatly shrunk, it should have been as long and slender as 

 Fig. 20a. The pupa, which is very similar in shape to that of 

 A. soracta, is greenish-yellow with black markings. The drawing 

 represents it in an unnatural position hanging free from a stick 

 instead of being bound to it closely and longitudinally by a 

 median girth. In May, 1894, Mr. Mackinnon wrote : — *' The larvae 

 of A. caphusa are gregarious, and to pupate burrow under the 

 dry leaves at the foot of their food-plant, the pupjc being also 



