THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE LUCKNOW DISTRICT. 491 



67. Teeias hecabe, Linn^us. 



By far the most common species of the genua, swarming in gardens 

 and grass lands from July to March. Almost every variation described by 

 Capt. "Watson in his " Notes on the Synonymy of Indian Pieringe " {Bombay 

 Natural History Society Journal, Vol. VIII., p. 509) as occurring in sub-group 

 B of the T. hecabe group may be taken in Lucknow, but I have so far mad© 

 no attempt to differentiate the series in my possession according to their 

 sub-specific names. 



68. Teeias libythba, Fabricius. 



The only other Terias I have found within our limits. Is scarce and I have 

 taken only one specimen at Bahramghat on the south bank of the Gogra Eiver 

 69, CoLiAS FiELDii, Menetries. 



This butterfly may occasionally be taken in the winter. Is far more fre- 

 quently met with in the districts to the north-west ; while one February 

 I found it exceedingly common among low jungle and around hedges near 

 Goshainganj, a station some 130 miles south-east of Lucknow. 

 70. PiERis CANIMA, Sparrman. 



This butterfly belongs rather to the hills and submontane districts and doeS' 

 not, as a rule, extend to the plains. I have, however, taken one — a somewhat 

 faded female — in Lucknow in April, and therefore include it in this list, 

 71. PiERis BRASSic^, Linnasus. 



Very common all over the Lucknow and adjacent districts from Feb- 

 ruary to the middle of April. The larva feeds on cabbages and does great 

 damage ; and the butterfly may always be seen in numbers round cabbage 

 fields and in vegetable gardens. It does not, however, confine itself to them 

 but may be taken anywhere where there are flowers. 



72. Belenois mesentina, Cramer. 



Appears, somewhat sparingly at fixst, towards the end of the rains, but is 

 very abundant throughout the autumn and winter months. May be taken 

 anywhere and everywhere. The female is less common than the male. 



73. HuPHiNA PHRYNE, Fabricius. 



Occurs at very much the same time and is as common as the preceding, 

 for which, while on the wing, it is apt to be taken. The depth of the mark- 

 ings, both on the upper and underside, vary greatly, passing from the 

 heavily marked upper and rich yellow underside of the monsoon specimens, 

 to the pale upper and very faintly tinted underside of the dry and cold, 

 weather insects. 



74. Appias {Catophaga') paulina, Cramer. 



I have only one specimen, taken in Lucknow iu August and named for me 

 by Mr. de Niceville. It differs from the usual descriptions of the species 

 in having the apex, costa and exterior margin of the forewing broadly 

 marked with black, the black at the apex being broken by a transverse line 

 of three white spots. The butterfly is decidedly rare in the district an.4 

 during three years' collecting I have seen only this one specimen. 



