MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. "5^3 



The Bonelli's Eagle can generally be distinguished by his white breast 

 finely streaked and mottled with brown. When at a distance the breast 

 appears perfectly white in the adxilt. The upper parts a dark umber 

 brown. 



The Booted or Dwarf Eagle is the smallesi; of all the eagles, measuring only 

 about 19" in length. 



Of the genus Ictinaetus there is only the one species I. malayensis, the 

 Black Eagle, and it can easily be recognized by the peculiar shape of its foot. 

 The toes are short, inner toe being thicker than the middle toe and nearly 

 ■as long, whilst the outer toe is very short. The claws are much less curved 

 than in the other eagles and the inner claw is the longest, longer even than 

 the hind claw. 



Plumage in adults is black throughout. 



Now we come to the Crested Hawk-Eagles. Two genera, containing six 

 species.— Z. Meneri, The Rufous-bellied Hawk-Eagle, is the only species 

 of the genus LopJiotriorchis, This genus, though closely resembling the next 

 {Spisaetus), is distinguished by its longer wings, with the primaries project- 

 ing beyond the secondaries by more than the length of the tarsus, by its 

 shorter tail, which does not exceed 9 inches, and its much longer toes and more 

 powerful claws. The adult colouration, too, is peculiar, black above and the 

 abdomen chestnut. 



The genera Spizaetus and LopTiotriorehis are not likely to be confounded 

 with any other of the sub-family Falconinoe, except perhaps with the genus 

 Baza of which there are 3 species, all crested like Spizaetus, but they 

 can be easily distinguished. 



The largest species of the genus Baza is only about 18*5" to 19" (male). 



The smallest species of the genus Spizaetus is over 21" (male). 



The Baza in only feathered for half the length of tarsus. 



Spizaetus is feathered for whole length of tarsus except in S. cirrhatus 

 where the feathering does not extend to division of toes, but length of S. 

 cirrhatus is over 26 inches. 



Lastly the Baza has the upper mandible toothed, and Spizaetus has the 

 «pper mandible festooned. 



I have already noted the points for identification between Lophotriorcnis 

 >^nd Spizaetus. 



The latter genus comprises five species as follows :— 

 a. Feathering of tarsus does not extend to division 

 of toes. 

 a' A distinct crest 4" to 6" long, always present... S. cirrhatus. 



(The Crested Hawk-Eagle.) 



b' No crest, or a rudimentary one -> S. Umnaetus. 



(The Changeable Hawk-Eagle.) 

 %. Feathers extend on to basal portion of middle toe, 

 c' Large : wing 17" to 18^". 



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