THE BUTTERFLIES OF CHITRAL. 671 



others is practically uniform black. 



48. Pykameis cakdui, Linnaeus, 

 Very common from 4,000 — 9,000 feet, and even up to 17,000 feet from 

 March to November. 



49. Pyrameis indica, Herbst. 

 Common from March to October at 4,000 — 9,000 feet. 



50. Vanessa canace, Linnaeus. 



Rare at 8,000 feet in the Utzen and Ashreth nallaha in August and Sep- 

 tember. 



5!. A'anessa cashmirensis, Koilar, 

 Common at 4,000 — 10,000 feet from February to November. 



52. Vanessa rizana, Moore. 

 Kara at 8,000 — 10,000 feet from May to August. It is a much squarer 

 insect than the preceding. 



53. Vanessa xanthomelas, Wiener Verzeichniss. 

 A few caught at 5,000 to 8,000 feet in March, May and August. 



54. Vanessa vau-album, Wiener Verzeichniss. 

 One specimen only obtained at Ziarat 9,000 feet on August 20th, 1901. 



55. Vanessa c-albtjm, Linnaeus. 

 From February to April this butterfly was very common at 4,000 and 

 5,000 feet, and in May a few more were caught at Ziarat 8,000 feet ; all these 

 were light coloured and the two spots in the cell were usually well separated 

 but in one or two cases coalesced into one spot. In August some more 

 specimens were caught in the Utzen and Ashreth nallahs at 9,000 feet. 

 These were larger, darker and with very wide dark brown margins ; all the 

 markings were bigger and the spots in the cell more often coalesced into 

 one than separate ; the outline of the wings was much more irregular and 

 below there was a narrow blue line on the margin and a few blue spots. 



FAMILY— LEMONIID^. 



Sub-Family- LiBYTH^EiNiE. 

 56. LiBYTH^A LEPiTA, Moore. 

 Rare at 6,000^ — 8,000 feet from April to August below Chitral. 



FAMILY— LYCiENID^. 



57. Lyc^na medon, Huefnagel. 

 Common from March to October at 4,000—10,000 feet. 



58. LyCjENa sp. 

 Six specimens caught on the shores of the Shandur Lake in July and 

 August. A small dark-brown insect with a faint mark at the end of the cell ; 

 below there is a white bordered mark at the end of the cell and some very 

 faint marginal lunules on the forewing. The hindwing has the base densely 

 powdered with black and greenish ; there is a white bordered spot at the 

 end of the cell leading off into a long white streak to the outer margin ; 

 there is also a series of pale bordered lunules on the margin. The ground 

 colour below is only slightly lighter than above. 

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