PLEISTOCENE ECHINODERMATA. 

 Class STELLEROIDEA. 

 Subclass ASTEROIDEA. 

 Order CRYPTOZONIA. 



Family ASTERIID^l. 

 Genus ASTERIAS Linne. 

 ASTERIAS STELLIONTJEA Poiret. 

 Asterias stellionura Sears, 1905, Physical geography, etc., Essex County, Mass., pp. 369, 370. 



Description. — Sears describes the discovery in 1903 in the Richard Graham clay pit at 

 Lynn, Mass., of a thick bed of fossil starfish, material from which was collected and sent to 

 A. E.Verrill, of Yale University, for identification. Of the two forms found one is unquestionably 

 referred to A. stellionura. Verrill states that "the pedicellarias, both major and minor, are 

 remarkably well preserved and very characteristic," and that "it is a very arctic species, com- 

 mon at Spitzbergen and the northern Norwegian coasts." 



Locality. — Richard Graham clay pit, Lynn, Mass. 



Geologic horizon. — Pleistocene. 



Collection. — Peabody Museum, Salem, Mass. 



Asterias lincki Mtiller. 



Asteracanthion lincki Sears, 1905, Physical geography, etc., Essex County, Mass., pp. 369, 370, fig. 202. 

 Description. — Verrill says: 



The pedicellarite, both major and minor, are remarkably well preserved and very characteristic. On the Astera- 

 canthion the latter form large and dense clusters around all the spines. The same appears in your fossils. The major 

 ones are very large, ovate, subacute, especially along the adambulacral plates, but also many of the dorsal surfaces as 

 in your examples. Dorsal plates are very delicate and form a slender network. Adambulacral spines are small and 

 slender, tapered, acute, and a large tubed spine stands singly back of every fourth or fifth plate (sometimes third or 

 fourth) as in yours. In all of these characters and others it differs from A. vulgaris. 



Locality. — Richard Graham clay pit, Lynn; Liberty Street, Dan vers, Mass. 



Geologic horizon. — Pleistocene. 



Collection. — Peabody Museum, Salem, Mass. 



Class ECHINOIDEA. 



Subclass REGULARIA ECTOBRANCHIATA. 



Order DIADEMOIDEA. 



Suborder ECHININA. 



Family TRIPLECHINIDiE. 



Genus TOXOPNEUSTES A. Agassiz. 



Toxopneustes variegatus (Lamarck). 



Echinus variegatus Holmes, 1858, Post-Pliocene fossils South Carolina, PL II, fig. 1. 

 Anapesus carolinus Holmes, 1858, Post-Pliocene fossils South Carolina, PI. II, fig. 2. 

 Toxopneustes variegatus A. Agassiz, 1872, Eevision of the Echini, p. 168. 



Description. — A. Agassiz regards the form referred by Holmes to Anapesus carolinus as 

 T. variegatus. No material has been available for study. 



Locality. — Simmons Bluff, St. Paul's, Wando, and Charleston, S. C. (Holmes). 

 Geologic horizon. — Pleistocene. 

 Collection. — Unknown. 



