OBOLID^. 385 



Vhgulites sp. Quenstedt, 1837, ArcHv fiir Naturgeschichte, von A. F. A. Wiegmann, Jahrg. 3, Bd. 1, pp. 143-145, 



PI. Ill, figs. 7 and 8. (Described and discussed in German.) 

 Obolus apollinis Zittel (in part) [notEicHWALD], 1880, Handbuch der Palaeontologie, Bd. 1, Abth. 1, p. 664, fig. 488d 

 (not figs. 488a-c, which represent Obolus apollinis). (No text reference. Fig. 488d is roughly copied from 

 Quenstedt, 1837, PI. Ill, fig. 7.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, 1892, Melanges g6ol. et pal^ontol. tir^s du Bvdl. Acad. imp. sci. St.-P^tersbourg, vol. 1, 

 p. 62, fig. 1, and footnote on p. 60. (The description of the species is incorporated with that of the genus, 

 which is in German. Tlie two specimens represented by fig. 1 were redrawn by Mickwitz, 1896, figs. 6A-B, pp. 

 79 and 117, and then copied in this monograph, figs. 34A and 34B, p. 374.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, Hall and Clarke, 1892, Eleventh Ann. Eept. State Geologist New York for 1891, p. 243, 

 figs. 244 and 245. (Generic reference questioned. Figs. 244 and 245 are copied from Mickwitz, 1892, fig. l,p. 62.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, Hall and Clarke, 1892, Forty-fifth Ann. Kept. New York State Museum for 1891, p. 559, 



figs. 244 and 245. (Text and figures copied from preceding reference.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, Hall and Clarke, 1892, Nat. Hist. New York, Paleontology, vol. 8, pt. 1, p. 339, figs. 

 38 and 39. (Discusses species, questioning its reference to Obolus. Figs. 38 and 39 are copied from Mickwitz, 

 1892, fig. 1, p. 62.) 

 Obolus apollinis quenstedti Mick-witz, 1896, M6m. Acad. imp. sci. St.-P^tersbourg, 8th ser. , vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 143-145, 

 figs. 6A-B, p. 79, figs. 6A-B, p. 117, PL II, figs. 1-6. (Described and discussed in German; see below for trans- 

 lation of portions of the description. The text figures on p. 117 , wliich are copied from those on p. 79, are copied 

 in this monograph, figs. 34A and 34B, p. 374. Mickwitz's figures, pp. 79 and 117, are drawn from the specimens 

 which he illustrated, 1892, fig. 1, p. 62, and which were copied by Hall and Clarke, 1892a, figs. 244 and 245, 

 p. 243; 1892b, figs. 244 and 245, p. 559; and 1892c, figs. 38 and 39, p. 339.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, Walcott, 1898, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 21, p. 385. (Translates part of the third para- 

 graph on p. 25 of Mickwitz's paper, 1896, as below, and discusses the type species.) 

 Obolus quenstedti Mickwitz, Matthew, 1903, Geol. Survey Canada, Rept. Cambrian Rocks Cape Breton, p. 120. (Com- 

 pared, as the representative of Obolus, with "Lingulella selwyni," as the representative of Lingulella.) 

 Of this shell Mickwitz [1896, p. 25] says: 

 A more accurale study of the greatly increased material has convinced me that 0. quenstedti can not be maintained 

 as a species, since it is merely the terminal link of a series of variationsj which, like var. maximus and ingricus, can be 

 traced back to 0. apollinis. Thus the typical species remains 0. apollinis Eichwald. 

 In describing 0. apollinis quenstedti Mickwitz [1896, p. 143] says: 

 This variety is distinguished externally from the forms thus far described of 0. apollinis by the circular outline of 

 its valves, their less pronounced arching (in the mean 0.159 for the large valve, and 0.183 for the small valve), and by 

 its smoother and more shining external shell surface, while by its size it is allied to the varieties ingricus and maximus 

 (in the mean 21.5 mm.). The radial striae are more strongly developed and more uniformly distributed over the shell 

 surface than in other forms of Eichwald's species, and they often exceed the concentric strise in distinctness. 



The shells show two extreme forms connected by intermediate links. Those forms also show a corresponding 

 variation in the development of the internal characters. * * * 



The internal shell surfaces of this variety (quenstedti) are most vigorously chiseled of all the forms of 0. apollinis, 

 and although in all the details of their internal configuration they show merely the typical form, yet by the peculiar 

 development of the characters they present a picture differing from the other forms of Eichwald's species. The 

 peculiarity in the development of the internal characters of this variety consists in this, that both the elevations and the 

 depressions are strongly developed, and in this way double the jelief of the pattern. At the same time details become 

 apparent which in the other forms are distinguLshable only by reflected light. Such is the longitudinal striation of 

 the posterior edge of the central pit. 



The varietal name was given in honor of F. A. von Quenstedt. 

 Formation and locality. — Upper Cambrian: (395 [Mickwitz, 1896, p. 145]) Obolus sandstone at Joa; and (395a 

 [Mickwitz, 1896, p. 144]) Obolus sandstone at Tihala; both near Jegelecht, 12 mUes (19.3 km.) east of Reval, Govern- 

 ment of Esthonia, Russia. 



(395z [Mickwitz, 1896, p. 144]) Obolus sandstone at Jamburg, on Louga (Luga) River, Government of St. Peters- 

 burg, Russia. 



Obolus? bavaricus (Barrande). 



Plate XV, figures 10, 10a. 

 Lingula bavarica Barrande, 1868, Faune silurienne des environs de Hof, en Bavifere, p. 100, fig. 62. (Described and 



discussed in French as a new species. Fig. 62 is copied in this monograph, PI. XV, fig. 10.) 

 Obolus .^paHiaius Barrande (in part), 1868, idem, pp. 104-105, fig. 64 (not fig. 65, which represents the species paZKatos). 



(Described and discussed in French as a new species. Fig. 64 is copied in this monograph, PL XV, fig. 10a.) 

 Lingula bavarica Barrande, 1868, Neues Jahrb. ftir Mineralogie for 1868, pp. 690-691, unnumbered plate, fig. 62. 



(Text and figure copied from Barrande, 186Sa, p. 100, fig. 62.) 

 Obolus f palliatus Barrande (in part), 1868, idem, p. 693, unnumbered plate, fig. 64 (not Sg. 65, which represents 



the species palliatus). (Text and figure copied from Barrande, 1868a, pp. 104-105, fig. 64.) 

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