PLANTS OF THE PUNJAB. 



485 



Herbs, erect, with Opposite Exstipulate Sample Leave's. 

 Leaf Margins Entire. 



Caralluma edulis, 



Chang, pipu, sittu. 

 Ascxepiadace^e. 

 F. B. I. iv. 76. 

 The Plains, Rawal- 

 pindi, Multan. 



Exacum tetragonum, 



Ti takhana, ava chiretta . 



Gentianace^e. 



F. B. I. iv. 95. 



The Plains to 5,000 ft. 



Exacum pedunculatum, 



GENTIANACE.E. 



F. B. I. iv. 97. 



The Plains to 3,000 ft. 



Petals United. 



small, fleshy, branched or not, stem and branches 

 4-grooved, nearly round, sometimes leafless ; leaves 

 i in. long, soon falling off, ovoid-lanceolate, short- 

 pointed, fleshy ; flowers £ in. diam., purple within, 

 solitary or in pairs in the upper leaf axils, calyx 

 lobes 5, short-pointed, corolla smooth, broadly bell- 

 shaped, lobes 5, narrow, ovate-lanceolate, tube 

 enlarged, coronal scales in a ring, joined to the 

 staminal column, 5-lobed, lobes 2-pointed, with a 

 process on the inner face which overlaps the anthers, 

 staminal column very snort, anthers short, with a 

 shallow notch at a rounded apex, resting on, or 

 joined to the stigma, stigma flat ; follicles slender, 

 smooth, round, seeds crowned with a bunch of hairs. 

 This plant is eaten by the poor as a vegetable. 



medium size to large, stem square, little branched 

 below ; leaves 5 by If in., short-pointed, or If by 

 | in., nearly blunt, 5-nerved, sessile or stem clasping, 

 broadly lanceolate; flowers blue, 1| in. diam., in 

 terminal branching racemes, calyx deeply 4-lobed, 

 lobes f-§ in. long, ovate, long-pointed, keeled, or 

 sometimes hardly 3-winged, corolla wheel-shaped, 

 lobes 4, | in. long, oblong, short-pointed, stamens 4, 

 on the corolla tube, anthers J in., straight, style fin. 

 long, thread-like, stigma round ; capsule f in. diam., 

 nearly round, seeds very many, minute. This plant 

 is used by Indians as a tonic bitter in place of 

 Chiretta. 



small, stem square, much branched ; leaves If 

 by f in., oblong with rounded ends' or lanceolate, 

 3-nerved, nearly sessile ; flowers | in. diam., blue in 

 many-flowered terminal rigid stalked clusters on 

 main stalks £-f in. long, calyx lobes 4, £-|- in. long, 

 ovate, long pointed, wing distinct lanceolate, corolla 

 wheel-shaped, lobes 4, J-J in. long, oblong with 

 rounded ends, stamens 4, anthers £ in., style long 

 stigma nearly round; capsule £ in., nearly round, 



