THE MOTHS OF INDIA. 659 



eyes naked, without bristly cilia from their margins, the eyes usually 

 large and round, rarely small and reniform ; antennse tisually ciliated, 

 sometimes serrate or pectinated, more rarely laminated or almost simple ; 

 head and thorax clothed with hair and scales, when there are usually 

 spreading or divided crests on the pro- and metathorax, sometimes 

 with a flattened crest on pro thorax projecting backwards, or a sharp 

 triangular crest or dorsal ridge-like crest, or clothed with hair only, 

 the tegulse rarely produced dorsally into a ridge, or in one or two genera 

 produced behind into a slight hood over the thorax ; tibise without spines, 

 the fore tibia) sometimes with one or more terminal claws; the proximal 

 joints of fore tarsi in a few genera with a series of curved claw-like 

 spines ; abdomen with dorsal series of crests, one crest at base only, 

 or without crests, the crests on medial segments sometimes very large; 

 Wings usually rather broad and triangular, sometimes long and narrow, 

 the termen usually evenly curved and more or less crenulate, sometimes 

 angled at middle or excised below apex and at tornus where there is 

 in a few genera a scale-tooth ; forewing with vein la weak, not anastomos- 

 ing with lb, lc absent ; 2 from middle of cell or in one or two cases 

 from near its extremity ; 3 and 5 from near lower angle, in EuplLvidia 

 vein 5 almost straight and from just below middle of discocellulars ; 

 6 from upper angle or from just below it ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to 

 form the areole, or in a few genera the areole absent and either 7 or 10 from 

 cell, vein 9 being sometimes absent; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins la 

 and lb present, lc absent ; 3 - 4 from lower angle of cell, rarely stalked ; 

 5 obsolescent from or from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6,7 from 

 upper angle or slightly stalked ; 8 arising free, then bent downwards and 

 touching the cell, then again diverging, in a few genera vein 8 anastomosing 

 with the cell to or to beyond middle. 



In the genera without an areole its absence appears to have been always 

 caused by reduction from forms which once possessed it, as it is 

 minute in some of their allies. 



In Eriopus the males of most of the species have secondary sexual 

 developments of the antennse, the basal part of the shaft being thickened 

 with an angular projection near its middle, often with scale-teeth or 

 long bristles beyond it, the legs also have greatly developed tufts of 

 hair of various forms. 



The larvse are usually smooth, the warts with one hair ; all the prolegs 

 present, the 12th somite with more or less developed dorsal hump. 



In Acronycta the larvse sometimes have the hairs spatulate at 

 extremity ; many species have tufts of long hair from the warts supple- 

 mented by bunches of fine feathery hair and whilst others have numerous 

 secondary hairs from the skin, and large dorsal pencils of hair. 



In Nonagria and allies the larvse bore in reeds and are almost without 



