MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. 875 



being the first seen by me of this season's brood, and seems a large insect 

 to be securely held by so small a plant. 



I also saw a white admiral become entangled in a web, and the spider 

 rush upon the butterfly to secure it. But the spider was deprived of this 

 ' bonne bouche ' by a hand quickly but gently releasing the victim, for the 

 white admiral is now very local in England. 



A large tortoise-shell (V. polychloros) taken on August 12, has well 

 marked blue lunules on the forewings, which is unusual and due perhaps in 

 this case, as mentioned by South, to the very cold summer this year in 

 England. 



H. D. PEILE. 

 August 1910. 



No. XXXII.— NOTES ON LIFE HISTORY OF PAPILIO 

 RA VAN A, Moore. 



Larva semi-gregarious found feeding on Aristolochia sp. at 8,000 ft. on 

 Lirnja Kanta near Naini Tal on 25th July 1909. 



Description. Cylindrical, tapering slightly towards each end. Ground 

 colour varies from dark grey to creamy white marbled with oblique blackish 

 lines. Two lateral and two sub-dorsal rows of fleshy tubercles with an 

 additional pair on segments 3 and 4, the subdorsal pair on segment 2 

 elongate, giving the appearance of horns ; all the tubercles black tipped 

 with red except on segments 7, 8 and 11 on which they are creamy white, 

 which colour on segments 7 and 8 is continued obliquely over almost entire 

 segment forming a jagged white patch ; segmental incisions dull brown. 

 The black on the subdorsal tubercles forms two interrupted lines between 

 which is a dorsal row of blackish spots. 



Head naked, shining black or in the lighter specimens, dark brown ; 

 clypeus divided from lobes by a prominent yellow line ; legs black, claspers 

 velvety brown, anal claspers tipped with red, ormeterium orange. 



Pupa. — Carinate, stout and laterally dilated. Greenish yellow with 

 lilacine stripes, head truncate, an orange protuberance on back of thorax 

 which is dorsally conical. Each abdominal segment with a pair of promin- 

 ent tubercles on the back. 



The first larva to pupate was one found already spun up on a twig of 

 Viburnum close to the good plant with little or no attempt at concealment. 

 This remained quiescent for 48 hours before pupating and the interval 

 between spinning up and pupating was generally 3 days. Like all the 

 known pupse of this group, this species attached itself vertically with a black 

 silken body band and an anal pad. By 6th August 1909 all had been spun 

 up. First butterfly appeared on 20th April 1910. 



F. HANNYNGTON. 



Felpham, Sussex, 10th May 1910. 



