58 Timehri. 



of the pupils for living and doing, as Herbert Spencer has said, that 

 their usefulness lies. In a Colony such as this where the inhabitants of all 

 races are. without exception, working people, and no leisured class exists, 

 there can be no question as to the type of preparation required. 



The teacher is one who shows things to the pupil (from A.S. taecan 

 to show), instruction is the building up of a human being (from L. in 

 and struo) and the pedagogue is one who leads a boy to manhood 

 (from Gr. paidos and ago) while Education (from L. ex and duco) is the 

 leading out of powers innate ; in other words development. 



Even the most savage advocate of " Learning for its own sake " finds 

 himself driven to justify learning finally by its advantages for humanity's 

 sake, and it is probably due to the fogging effects of a vicious schooling 

 that he is able to convince himself that these very different propositions 

 are one and the same. 



The humane activities which education postulates are grouped by 

 Spencer under five heads (1) Self-preservation (2) Self-maintenance ; 

 (3) Family life ; (4) Social life ; (5) Leisure. 



The only justification for the expenditure of public money on 

 education lies in the fact that citizens properly equipped for these 

 activities are an asset of value to the State, and that, just in the measure 

 in which a citizen is deficient in these things, he is a nuisance, a menace 

 and an expense. 



If the school is to justify its receipt of State or Colonial moneys by 

 diminishing the number of incompetents and increasing the number 

 of efficients, it must take account of these universal activities and 

 consider the surroundings amongst which they are to be carried on 

 The elementary school cannot of course provide a full and complete 

 training, but it may lay a sound foundation on which a worthy humanity 

 may be built. 



The attention of the pupil should therefore first be drawn to the 

 wholesome and harmful things in nature around him ; The clever use of 

 air, water, fire, exercise, rest and food for the advantage of his life and 

 growth will properly occupy a prominent place in his early training. 



No small part of the schoolmaster's work in this department will be 

 the dissipation of wrong notions about air, water, insects and mammals, 

 such as that "mosquito worm grow in day" '-'that butterfly snake 

 or yellow-tail is poisonous, that "pimpla-hag shoot pimpla at you," and a 

 host of other silly "nancy stories. Then, in a colony such as this, self- 

 maintenance will be mainly concerned with the use of the abundant 

 opportunities an amazingly fertile soil and climate afford. A closer 

 linking together of the Agricultural Instructor and the schoolmaster is 

 here indicated and a sensible code will make provision for that. I 

 venture here to make a practical proposal by which the whole system of 



