44 Bcrnice P. Bishop Museuin — Bulletin 



ferus News., D. chalceolariae Mask., D. adonidum Linn., and Pulvinaria psidit 

 Mask. Other scale insects mentioned are : Aspidioius aurantii Mask., A. 

 longispino Morg., A. duplex Cock., A. camelliac Sign., A. ncrii Bouche, and 

 several species of this genus; Parlatoria zizyphi News., P. pcrgandci Comst., 

 Mytilaspis citricola Pack., M. gloverii Pack., M. pallida Green, M. flava Targ.- 

 Toz., M. pomorum Bouche, Diaspis rosae Sandb., D. bnisduvalii Sign., Chion- 

 aspis biclavis Comst., C. euseiiiae Mask., C. prunicola Mask., Diaspis patellt- 

 formis Sasaki, D. ainygdali Tryon, Fiorinia camelliac Comst., Ceroplastcs 

 ruhens Mask., C. ccrifenis Ander., C. floridcnsis Comst., Lccanium acumi- 

 natum Sign., L. tilicum Boisd., L. hemisphacricum Targ.-Toz., L. coffea Niet., 

 L. hesperidum Linn., L. longulum Doug., L. mori Sign., L. nigrum Niet., L. 

 oleae Bern., /,. tesscUatum Sign., Pulvinaria mamcac Mask, Eryococcus arau- 

 cariae Mask., and Iccrya purchasi Mask., also other undetermined coccids 

 present in the islands. About 200 species of ladybirds had been introduced 

 to prey upon the scale insects, also two species of fungi destructive to all the 

 Lecanidae. Remarking upon the introduced Coccinellidae, Koebele says that 

 only 3 species were present in Blacklnirn's time: CoccincUa abdominalis Say, 

 Scymnus occllatus Sharp, and S. vividus Sharp, and that these were evidently 

 introduced very early. Extensive notes are given upon the habits of the 

 various other exotic species introduced by the author. Of the other in- 

 troduced predators and parasites Koeliele mentions syrphids and chrysopid 

 flies as established, and says Clialcis obscurata Walk, is active against various 

 pyralid and tortricid larvae. Mention is also made of the introduction of 

 bats from California — 600 of which reached Hawaii alive but were apparently 

 not established. Toads from California and frogs from Japan reproduced 

 freely. Among cutworms the Agrotis ypsilon Rott., A. saucia Hbn.. Lecania 

 unipuncta Ha'w., Plusia verticillata Guen., Laphygma frugipcrda Hbn., are 

 mentioned; these have few parasites. Coffee trees are reported badly infested 

 by a white fly, Aleurodes sp. ; natural enemies of these were introduced. Ado- 

 retus umbrosus F., probably introduced from Japan in soil, was reported from 

 Oahu, Maui, and Kauai. These insects will be controlled by the fungus in 

 the wet districts. Notes are given on life history, food plants, and natural 

 enemies, with full discussion of the experiments with fungus. The small 

 green tincid larvae destructive to tlie leaves of sweet potatoes (native "po- 

 nallo") and the somewhat allied Plutclla crucifcrarum Z. are mentioned 

 briefly. 



176. MaskEll, W. M., Further coccid notes with new species and dis- 



cussion of points of interest : N. Zeal. Inst. Trans., vol. 29, 

 pp. 293-331, pis. 18-22, 1897. (BM) 



The species described which concern Hawaii are: Chionaspis eugeniae 

 Mask and Ceroplastcs rubens Mask. 



177. MASKErx, W. M., On a collection of Coccidae, principally from 



China and Japan: Ent. Month. Mag., vol. 3^, pp. 239-244, 



London, 1897. (AF) (HSPA) 



The following species are recorded from Hawaii: Aspidioius cydoniae 

 Comst., on casuarina ; same, var. tccta, n. var., on ohia trees ; Aspidiotus 

 tongispina Morg., on kukui trees; Lccanium licspcridum Linn., on papaya and 

 on ohia trees. 



178. Perkins, R. C. L., The introduction of beneficial insects in the Ha- 



waiian Islands: Nature, vol. 55, pp. 499-500, 1897. (BM) 

 This article deals principally with scale insects and the reasons for the 

 success of their introduced natural enemies. Perkins says: "Few countries 

 have been more plagued by the importation of insect pests than the Hawai- 



