WHEELER: ANTS OF THE GENUS FORMICA. SPA 
country. The colonies which are often rather large, closely resemble 
those of the variety occidua on the Pacific Coast, but the ants, when 
seen in masses, have a bronzy appearance, as Buckley observed. 
103. F. CINEREA CINEREA Mayr. 
F. cinerea Mayr, Verh. Zool. bot. ver. Wien, 1853, 2, p. 280, 8 @; Ibid., 1855, 
5, p. 344, 8 9 o&; Nylander, Ann. sci. nat. Zool., 1856, ser. 4, 5, p. 64, 8 
@ o&; Meinert, Natur. abh. Dansk. vid. selsk., 1860, ser. 5, 5, p. 43, 
8 @ o; Mayr, Europ. Formicid., 1861, p. 47,48, 8 9 o; Ern. André, 
Spec. Hymén. Europ. 1882, 2, pt. 14, p. 181, 186, 189, 8 @ o; Lubbock, 
Ants, bees, wasps, ed. 5, 1882, p. 882, p. 16, etc.; Dalla Torre, Catalog. 
Hymen. 1893, 7, p. 193; Ruzsky, Formicar. Imper. Ross., 1905, p. 404. 
F. fusca st. cinerea Forel, Denkschr. Schweiz. gesell. naturw., 1874, 26, p. 53, 
218, 8 9 o&; Bruyant, Fourmis France Centr., 1890, p. 56. 
F. fusca subsp. cinerea Emery, Deutsch. ent. zeitschr., 1909, p. 199, 8 Q oc. 
Worker. Length 3.5-7 mm. 
Very closely related to F. fusca. Pro- and mesonotum not very con- 
vex, mesoépinotal constriction rather shallow; epinotum low, with 
straight base and very sloping declivity, the two surfaces forming a 
very large and blunt angle with each other. Petiole narrow, with 
convex anterior and posterior surface and blunt, entire border, which 
is often produced upward or bluntly pointed in the middle. 
Surface of the body opatue, densely shagreened; mandibles some- 
what shining, sharply striatopunctate. Frontal area opaque. 
Hairs and pubescence white or pale yellow, both very abundant, 
the hairs short, blunt, and erect or suberect on all parts of the body, 
except antennal scapes, long on the gula, short and sparser on the legs, 
and oblique on the flexor surfaces of the tibiae. Pubescence very 
dense, rather long, uniformly concealing the surface and giving it a 
silvery appearance. 
Dark grayish brown or blackish brown. Mandibles, scapes, legs, 
and basal halves of funiculi, and in some specimens the middle por- 
tions of the femora and tibiae, reddish. In some the reddish tinge also 
extends to the clypeus, cheeks, petiole, and ventral portion of the 
thorax. 
FemMaLe. Length 9-11 mm. 
Robust, with large elliptical gaster, superficially resembling the 
females of F. fusca var. subsericea and var. glebaria. Like the worker 
in sculpture, pilosity, and color, except that the hairs are longer, more 
slender and pointed, even on the gaster. The petiole is broad, with 
flat posterior surface and sharp superior border, often shghtly emargi- 
nate in the middle. Wings grayish hyaline with pale brown veins 
and darker stigma. 
