BREWSTER: BIRDS OF THE CAPE REGION, LOWER CALIFORNIA. 155 
Cardinalis cardinalis igneus (Barrp). 
St. Lucas CARDINAL. 
Cardinalis igneus Bairp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, 301 (Cape St. 
Lucas), 305 (orig. descr.; types from Cape St. Lucas). Exuior, Illustr. 
New and Unfig. N. Amer. Birds, I. 1869, pl. 16 (descr.). Cooprr, Orn. Cal., 
1870, 288, 239, part (Cape St. Lucas). Bairp, Brewer, and Ripeway, 
Hist. N. Amer. Birds, II. 1874, pl. 80, fig. 10. Satvin and Gopmay, Biol. 
Centr.-Amer., Aves, I. 1884, 341, part (crit.). Barritett, Mon. Ploc. and 
Fring., pt. III. 1889, 14-16, part (descr. ; crit. ; La Paz; San José). SHARPE, 
Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XII. 1888, 164-166, part (San José; Cape St. Lucas ; 
subsp. of Cardinalis cardinalis). 
Cardinalis virginianus ScuatEeR, Cat. Amer. Birds, 1862, 100, part (Cape St. Lucas). 
Cardinalis virginianus, var. igneus Ripaway, Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., V. 1863, 
39, part (remarks on color and geog. distr. ; Cape St. Lucas). Cours, Check 
List, 1878, 41, no. 203 a, part. Barrp, Brewer, and Ripeway, Hist. N. Amer. 
Birds, II. 1874, 103, part, pl. 30, fig. 10 (nesting habits at Cape St. Lucas). 
‘JASPER, Birds N. Amer., 1878, 155, pl. 104, fig. 22, part (Cape St. Lucas). 
[ Cardinalis] igneus Gray, Hand-list, II. 1870, 102, no. 7,532, part. 
[Cardinalis virginianus] var. igneus Cours, Key N. Amer. Birds, 1872, 151, part 
(deser.; Cape St. Lucas). Ripcway, Amer. Nat., VII. 1873, 618, part 
(Cape St. Lucas). 
[ Cardinalis virginianus] c. igneus CovEs, Birds Northwest, 1874, 172, part (Cape St. 
Lucas). 
Cardinalis virginianus igneus Ripacway, Nom. N. Amer. Birds (Bull. U. S. Nat. 
Mus., no. 21), 1881, 26, 64, no. 242a, part; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., V. 1883, 
541 (crit.). Bexpine, /bid. (Cape Region) ; VI. 1883, 345 (Cape Region). 
Cardinalis virginiana ignea Cougs, Check List, 2d ed., 1882, 60, no. 300, part. 
Cardinalis cardinalis igneus StEJNEGER, Auk, I. 1884, 171. <A. O. U., Check List, 
1886, 286, no. 598 b. Bryant, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 2d ser, II. 1889, 304 
(Cape Region ; Santa Margarita Island; Comondu); Zoe, II. 1891, 188 (San 
José del Cabo). Ringway, Birds N. and Midd. Amer., pt. I. 1901, 647, 
648 (descr. ; Cape St. Lucas district). 
Cardinalis ruber igneus StesNEGER, Auk, I. 1884, 172, part. 
C[ardinalis] v. [irginianus] igneus Cours, Key N. Amer. Birds, 4th ed., 1894, 394, 
395, part (Lower Calif.). 
C.[ardinalis] cardinalis igneus Rripaway, Man. N. Amer. Birds, 2d ed., 1896, 442 
(Lower Calif.). 
[Cardinalis ruber] var. ignea Dupots, Synop. Avium, fasc. IX. 1901, 619 (Basse- 
Californie). 
Individual variations: — Males. The red is exceedingly variable in tint, 
ranging from the deepest geranium red through vermilion to a pale rose sal- 
mon. The back varies from ashy brown to faded grayish brown, with always 
a more or less strong tinge of red. The absence of the black frontal band ap- 
pears to be quite constant. There is much variation in the size and shape of 
