GARMAN: THE CHIMAEROIDS. 249 
tudinally and pointing upward, forward, or backward. This armature con- 
tinues to within a short distance in front of the end of the tail, and behind its 
point of disappearance there is a low ridge to the extremity. The subcaudal 
fin is much deeper than the supracaudal ; it originates below the termination 
of the second dorsal, rises gradually, becomes deepest in the anterior half of 
the length, then slowly tapers to the caudal filament. The pectoral fins are 
long, more than two and one-half times as long as wide, and when extended 
the sharp outer angle reaches to the bases of the ventrals. The length of the 
ventral fin is about equal to the height of the first dorsal and the width is less 
than half of the length; the claspers are simple, slender, nearly four times as long 
as the eye, subround in trans-section, very muscular near the base, enlarged 
into an oblong rounded spine-covered bulb at the extremity, and jointed so as 
to be turned directly forward, Plate 3, Figures 1, 4 and 5; each ventral tenacu- 
lum has three strong hooks on its inner edge. ‘There is no distinct anal fin. 
On the sides and the lower surfaces the color is a light olivaceous or plum- 
beous more or less silvered; toward the back and on the tail it is more brown ; 
the fins are darker to blackish outward. 
Total leneth, 35.5 ; snout, 6.5; snout to dorsal spine, 10.8; snout to second 
dorsal fin, 15.4; snout to upper caudal armature, 24.4; snout to vent, 17.2, 
depth, 3.5; length of pectoral fin, 6 5; length of ventral fin, 3.5; snout to anal, 
20; snout to pectoral fin, 10.3; snout to eye, 8.3; length of orbit, 0.8; length of 
dorsal spine, 3.6; length of clasper, 3.1; width of gill aperture, 1.1; width of 
body or head, 2.4; length of cephalic tenaculum, 0.6; length of head, 9.5 ; depth 
of body at axil of ventral fin, 2.2; width above axil of ventral fin, 1.1; and 
length of caudal section (probably after a slight loss), 17.5 inches. 
Specimen described from Tokyo, Japan. Other specimens are said to have 
been purchased in the same market that were caught near by, in water of two 
hundred fathoms or more in depth, off Misaki. 
Lateral Canal System, Plate 1, Figure 1; Plate 2; Plate 4, Figure 3. 
The structures and functions of these canals are similar in the Chimaeroids 
and the Plagiostomia. The excessive differentiations of structure and the com- 
plexities of function obtaining on some of the deep-sea bony fishes do not occur 
on either of them. In the distribution of the canals, however, there are cer- 
tain peculiarities in all the members of the group that distinguish the Chimae- 
roids from both Plagiostomes and bony fishes. A description of the system on 
Rhinochimaera applies fairly well to all the genera of its kindred, for even in 
the strange form of Callorhynchus one has but to apply the foliation of the 
snout to the lower side of the rostrum to make the similarity at once apparent. 
For comparisons and for nomenclature see this Bulletin, Vol. XVII., No. 2, Gar- 
man, 1888, On the Lateral Canal System of the Plagiostomia and Holocephala, 
Plates I. to LUT., and Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. XXIV., Garman, 1899, Deep 
Sea Fishes, Plates LXIX. to LX XXIV. On the Chimaeroid the aural branch 
of the system, which crosses the back of the head, lies in front of the orbital, 
