EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS. 427 



has been over this ground, can doubt that these different rocks are stratigraphi- 

 cally inseparable. Along the eastern border of this area of stratified rocks, 

 one can find beautiful examples of the passage of stratified diorite and horn- 

 blende slate into the eruptive diorite and fine grained horiiblendic giiinite. 



There is nothing abrupt about these transitions, tlie gradation is perfect 



About four miles farther northwest, in Reading, .... we find the rocks 



shading insensibly into eruptive diorite and granite The large area of 



diorite stretching from Stoneham to Weston includes numerous small patches 

 of stratified rocks — hornblende slate and petrosilex They pa-ss fre- 

 quently into the enclosing rock, showing that they are mere remnants of the 

 stratified group, which yet preserve traces of the structure once possessed by 



the whole mass of the rock It thus becomes evident that this diorite, 



the so-called ' Salem syenite,' has, like the diorites elsewhere, resulted from 

 the extreme metamorphism of the stratified group I have already indi- 

 cated that much of the hornblendic granite has been derived by metamorphism 



from felsite I have shown that this is the probable origin of all the 



Huronian gi-anites. It is demonstrated that the most, and probably all, of the 

 felsites of this region, are now, or were originally, stratified, and may, there- 

 fore, be logically included in the stratified group The rocks of this 



area consisted once, speaking generally, of stratified felsite, hornblende slate 

 and stratified diorite only, which were then, and are even now, so related strati- 

 graphically, and exhibit such frequent lithological transitions, as to prove 

 them to be members of one and the same unbroken series ; and that the fel- 

 sites, by metamorphism, have given rise to granite, the hornblende slates, in 

 like manner, to fine grained hornblendic granite approaching diorite, and the 

 stratified diorite to eruptive diorite." 



Of the Huronian formation in general it is stated (1. c, pp. 27-29) : — 



" All the stratified rocks of this formation north and west of Boston, includ- 

 ing besides the so-called stratified group, the dolomites and stratified felsites, 



dip, with few and unimportant exceptions, to the northwest Since the 



limits of the diff'erent rocks are marked by gradual transitions, which precludes 

 the existence of faults of any great extent ; and since there are no apparent 

 repetitions of the different rocks, which precludes the existence of considerable 

 folds of the strata ; we are forced to the conclusion that the geographical ar- 

 rangement corresponds to the stratigraphical succession ; and the rocks to the 

 south-east must underlie those to the north-west — the felsites must be older 



than the hornblende slates and diorites Since the granites are more 



intimately associated with the felsites than any other of the stratified rocks, 

 and are probably derived from them ; and since the exotic granites occur as 

 eruptives through all the stratified rock ; the inference is plain that the gran- 

 ites belong normally at the bottom of the series, and may be taken to represent 



the lower portions of the felsite The oneness of formation has been 



established ; it is proved by its petrological, its lithological, and as I have else- 



