RI^SUM^, AND GENERAL DISCUSSION. 553 



no one will deny ; and for the piu-posc of throwing light on the origin 

 of the methods in question we natunilly seek to ascertain what were the 

 principles by which that survey was governed. No one conversant with 

 the history of that organization will doubt that its methods and pur- 

 poses were arranged and formulated by the geologist who was its head 

 during the first twenty-seven years of its prosecution : that none of his 

 siibordinates did originate them, may readily be inferred from the fact 

 that the second in authority had been trained as a midshipman, having 

 previous to his joining the survey had no other experience than that 

 gained on the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain, while he remained 

 essentially an explorer and a stratigraphical geologist in all his methods. 

 That the one who for so many years served as the mouthpiece of the 

 Canada Sui'vey did not prescribe its methods, can be readily infeiTed 

 from his own statement,* that, for " ofticial reasons," he did not dissent 

 from Logan's views, the correctness of which he for many years doubted ; 

 and from the fact that at the very time when he says he did not believe 

 in these opinions he was warmly supporting them in print. This is 

 further enforced by the fact, that, almost as soon as Logan resigned. 

 Hunt began to endeavor to overturn the work of the survey and the 

 teachings of his previous years. In fact, he has quite recently started 

 on a third crusade, with principles designed to upset all he has written 

 before, t 



The only other officials who, before the closing years of Logan's work, 

 bore any prominent part in the study of the older crystallines were a 

 young civil engineer, and two persons whose knowledge of geology' had 

 been chiefly acquired by practical cultivation of the soil. 



Logan alone then seems to have been the motive power of the survey ; 

 aiid it now is necessary to ascertain in what way and under what influ- 

 ences he was prepared for his geological work. 



From Harrington's Life of Logan we learn that the latter was em- 

 ployed in the coimting-house of his uncle, in mercantile pursuits, from 

 1817 until about 1831, when he went to "Wales as the business manager 

 of some copper-smelting works in which his uncle was interested. Later, 

 he added to this the business of coal mining. Since he requests his 

 brother to purchase and forward to him " some good work on mineral- 

 ogy and geologv'. Dr. Dickson will be able to tell you which are best," 

 we may infer that he not only knew nothing of the subjects of, or the 



* See ante, p. 458. 



t The Origin of Crystalline Rocks. Abstract of a paper read before the Royal 

 Society of Canada, J.lay 21, 1884. 



