ON THE ETUNOQlurUICAL SUKVEY 01)' THE UNITED KINGDOM. G39 



pastoral and agricultural districts of Wales Mr. Hartland states that the 

 Welsh do not gather much in villages. The peasants live chiefly in home- 

 steads, scattered over a larger or smaller area. The population of Gower 

 is divided by a sharply defined line between the English and Welsh. 

 This line corresponds roughly with the line dividing the coal measures 

 from the limestone. On the latter, the southern side, are descendants 

 of immigrant settlers from the opposite coast, or, as is sometimes 

 thought, from Flanders, who appear to have driven out the Welsh. 

 They speak English exclusively ; they have well-recognisable charac- 

 teristics ; and their families have lived on the same spot, or at least in the 

 same neighbourhood, for many generations. On the northern side, the 

 less fertile, and formerly in every way the less desirable, the Welsh- 

 speaking inhabitants remain, having distinct characteristics. Of late 

 years there has been an influx of foreign population around the mines 

 and works, but it is possible there are still spots where the old inhabit- 

 ants remain almost unadulterated. Ystradfellte, a small village at the 

 top of the valley through which the Mellte, a tributary of the Neath 

 River, runs, is the centre of a very secluded wild and rugged district. The 

 people are Welsh mountaineers, engaged in pastoral and agricultural 

 work. A number of interesting traditions were collected not very far 

 away by a lady and sent to Croker, and they appear in the third volume 

 of his ' Fairy Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland.' Mr. 

 Hartland thinks it likely, from his own experience, that many still 

 survive. 



Mr. Williams says that, though the extraordinary growth of the 

 county during the last twenty years has transformed the villages of the 

 mining districts into towns, there are still some left in the hilly parts, 

 and there are very old and curious villages in the Vale of Glamorgan 

 which remain very much what they were many generations back. 



For all Welsh antiquities ' Arch^ologia Cambrensis ' should be consulted. 



NORTH WALES. 



Carnarvon. 



Places By whom suRgcsted 



Llanfihangel-y-Pennant .... Archdeacon Thomas. 



Llanengon ,, „ 



Pwllheli „ 



Denbigh. 



Llansannan Archdeacon Thomas. 



Gwytherin 



Cerrig-y-Druidion 



Yspytty 



Llangwm ....... 



Llangemyw 



Merioneth. 



Llanuwchllyn Rev. Professor Ellis Edwards. 



Brithdir 



Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog ... ,, „ 



Llanymowddwy Archdeacon Thomas. 



Flint. 

 Rhosermor Professor Edwards. 



