768 KEPOKT — 1893. 



MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 18. 



The following Papers were read : — 



1. A Discussion on Coral Reefs, Fossil and Itecenl, luas 

 opened by Professor W. J. Sollas, F.B.S. 



2. Twenty Years' Worh on the Younger Bed Bocks (Permian and Trias). 

 By Rev. A. Ieving, D.Sc, B.A., F.G.8. 



The author reviews the work done by himself and in collaboration with other 

 .geologists on the Permian and Trias since he commenced the study of them in the 

 North Midlands more than twenty years ago. He shows why the use of the term 

 ' Poikilitic ' and its connotation was given up by him after further work in Britain 

 and in Germany : that it is necessary to recognise (as the earlier writers had done) 

 two distinct systems in these rocks ; that the strata called ' Bunterschiefer ' by 

 Murchison are really the base of the Trias of Central Germany, and are sharply 

 cut off from the Zechstein : that there is a distinct differentiation of the two systems 

 from each other on physical as well as stratigraphieal grounds, on account of the 

 -great difference as to the derivation of their materials in the relation the Permian 

 and Trias bear to the adjacent older land. 



The chief results of the author's work on the Red Rocks of Devon in the years 

 1887-1892 are then summarised ; further evidence of the contemporaneity of the 

 volcanic rocks and the breccia-sandstone series is given ; and attention is drawn to 

 the new edition of the 1-inch map of the Geological Survey, on which the 

 Permians of Devon, as described by himself, are delineated. He regrets that he is 

 not able to accept (for reasons given in his published papers) the delimitation of 

 the Keuper, at the expense of the Bunter, which is adopted on that map, the base 

 of the Keuper having been traced in the valleys of the Otter and the Sid. 



Sections are added (i.) at Saltern Cove on the west side of Torbay ; (ii.) at 

 Kimberley, Notts, in which there is the plainest evidence of great unconformability 

 between the Dyas or Permian and the older Palaeozoic rocks. 



The author concludes with a note on the probable physical history of the series 

 of strata under consideration. 



The following are the more important papers of the author herein referred to : — 

 'The Geology of the Nottingham District' (Proc. G. A., vol. iv.) ; 'Classification 

 of the European Permian and Trias' (Geol. Mag., 1882); 'Triassic Deposits of 

 the Alps ' {Ibid., November, 1882) ; ' The Dyas and Trias of Central Europe ' 

 (Q. J. G. S., August, 1884); 'The Permian-Trias Question' (Geol. Mag., July, 

 1884) ; ' Report on the Permian and Trias ' {International Geol. Cong., London, 

 1888); 'The Red Rocks of the Devon Coast Section' {Q.J. G. S., February, 

 1888) ; ' Supplementary Note ' on the same {Ibid,, February, 1892) ; ' The Base of 

 the Keuper in Devon ' {Ibid., February, 1893). 



See also the following papers : — 



H. B. Geinitz, ' On the Limits of the Zechstein,' &c. {Nova Acta Acad. Leap., 

 Dresden, 1885), and summary of the same by A. Irving {Geol. Mag., May, 1885) ; 

 E. Hall, ' On the Red Rocks of South Devoii ' {Q. J. G. S., February, 1892). 



3. On the Trias of the Midlands. By Professor C. Lapworth, F.B.S. 



4. On the Occurrence of Fossils in the Magnesian Limestone of Bulwell, near 

 Nottingham. By Baron A. ton Reinach and W. A. E. Usshek. 



At Bulwell, near Nottingham, good sections are exposed in stone and brick 

 pits. The stone pits exhibit from 5 to 20 feet of yellowish brown Magnesian 

 limestones, in beds of from 3 inches to 1 foot, with rather irregular surfaces. The 



