85 i 



BEPOET — 1893. 



Difference between the Increase of Population and the Excess of 

 Births over Deaths. 



The net immigration into the towns is affected by migration between the 

 towns and other countries as well as by migration between the towns and 

 the rest of England and Wales. The immigration from Ireland, Scotland, the 

 colonies and foreign countries must have been somewhat less from 1881 to 1890 

 than from 1871 to 1880, as the number of non-natives residing in England and 

 Wales increased from 1,020,101 to 1.118,617 in the first period, and only from 

 1,118,617 to 1,119,896 in the second. This decrease of immigration into the country 

 at large cannot possibly account for the whole of the diminution of net immigration 

 into tile towns. That the remainder can be accounted for by an increase of emigra- 

 tion from the towns to the colonies and foreign countries is shown to be bighly im- 

 probable by the fact that the difference between the population of the predominantly 

 urban counties and the number of persons in England and Wales who were born 

 in those counties has not increased between 1881 and 1891, though it increased 

 considerably between 1871 and 1881. The difference between the population of 

 London with the rest of Middlesex and Surrey, and the natives of that area living 

 in England and Wales, was 933,374 in 1871, 1,061,194 in 1881, and 1,056,401 in 

 1891. Between the population of Lancashire, Cheshire, Yorkshire, and Durham, 

 and the natives of those counties, the difference was 826,384 in 1871, 1,032,995 in 

 1881, and 1,031,982 in 1891. In the case of Staffordshire the population outnum- 

 bered the natives by 38,233 in 1871 and by 3,660 in 1881, while in 1891 the 

 natives outnumbered the population by 32,100. It seems certain, therefore, that 

 there has been a diminution of net immigration from the rest of the country into 

 the great towns. 



Whether this means a diminution of ' the exodus from the country to the 

 town ' depends chiefly on the meaning given to that somewhat indefinite phrase. 



3. On Poor Law and Old Age. By Rev. J. Frome Wilkinson. 



4. On Statistical Correlation between Social Phenomena. 

 By Professor F. T. Edgeworth. 



Correlation in statistics denotes such a connection between two (or mutatis 

 mutandis more) measurable attributes (e.ff., height of stature and length of arm) 



