

ON THE NOETH-WESTEEN TEIBES OF CANADA. 583 



shorter than the men : three females, aged 14, 18, 40, measured respec- 

 tively 1,557, 1,570, and 1,582 millimetres. There appears to be not so 

 great a difference between the heights of the boys and girls. 



The index of finger-reach seems to be slightly less than that of the 

 Bilqnla and some other tribes, two-thirds being found between the indices 

 102 and 106, but nearly one-third falling below 102. 



The index of height, sitting, is also lower, two- thirds having an index 

 of from 50 to 53, and but ten cases out of thirty-five having an index of 

 more than 53. 



The index of length of arm has the largest number of cases at 45, and 

 two-thirds of the total come within the limits 43 to 46. 



The indices of height and width of shoulder are more variable. The 

 index of height of shoulder shows the greatest grouping (ten cases out of 

 thirty-four) at 85, and between 82 and 84 two-thirds (twenty-two cases) 

 occur. Of the indices of width of shoulder two-thirds (twenty-one cases) 

 are found ranging from 18 to 20. 



The indices of face show a range from 11 to 93, with the gi'eatest 

 accumulation (nine cases out of thirty-two) at 88, and having nearly one- 

 half (fifteen cases out of thirty-two) the number of cases with an index 

 of between 86 and 89. The facial index of the Kootenays is therefore 

 higher than that of the western tribes of British Columbia. 



The indices of the upper part of the face have their greatest grouping 

 at 55 (eight cases out of thirty-three), and nearly two-thirds are contained 

 between 52 and 57, while eight cases, or nearly one-fourth, are above 57. 



The nasal indices show the greatest grouping (six cases out of thirty- 

 four) at 70, and there is none below 58. 



Thus far we have dealt with adults alone. It seems allowable in the 

 case of the cephalic index to include all individuals of five years and over. 

 This gives us, of pure blood Kootenays, seventy males and fourteen 

 females. Of the females, thirteen have an index of over 78 (correspond- 

 ing to 76 on the skull), and eight have an index of more than 83 (81 on 

 the skull). If one is to judge from these fourteen cases, the Kootenay 

 women are brachycephalic ; a fact which would correspond witli their 

 seemingly much shorter stature. This apparent brachycephalism may, 

 however, be the result of the comparatively small number of individuals 

 measured. 



The cephalic indices of the males range from 72 to 86 (corresponding 

 to 70 and 84 on the skull), with the greatest grouping at 11 (75 on the 

 skull). Fifty-five cases are found below 80 (78 on the skull). More 

 than half are thus mesaticephalic. It is just possible that we have here 

 an intermixture of a brachycephalic type, but this would perhaps be sus- 

 tained if several hundred measurements had been taken. 



The cephalic indices of the half-breeds show considerable variation, 

 and the females tend towards brachycephaly, as was the case with the 

 pure Indians. 



It is usually impossible to obtain the weight of aborigines owing to 

 the lack of weighing apparatus ; hence the few cases here recorded will be 

 of considerable interest. They are presented on next page rearranged 

 according to age : — 



These measurements were taken when the Indians had a normal 

 amount of summer clothing on. 



The average weight of thirteen adults (from nineteen to fifty-nine years 

 of age) is 161 pounds. 



