Nc 



1919] 



The Canadian Field-Naturalist 



89 



Causes of hibernation and estivation — the relation 

 of climate, soil, physiology, and food supply. 



Condition of animal before, during, and after 

 hibernation. 



Details as to completeness or incompleteness of 

 torpidity. 



Place of hibernation or estivation. 



Habits associated with hibernation and estivation. 

 MOVEMENT. 



Modes of running, jumping, climbing, digging, 

 swimming, flying. 



Gait ; speed ; endurance. 



Other activities. 

 VOICE AND OTHER MEANS OF INTERCOMMUNICATION 



Calls in general; courting; alarm; challenge; 

 warning calls. 



Descriptions of barking, baying, screaming, howl- 

 ing, squeaking, squealing, singing, roaring, bugling. 



Warning attitudes; Hash signals. 



Emission of glandular secretions. 



Odor posts. 



Touch. 



Other means of intercommunication. 



Organization of communities — leaders, sentries, 

 rank and file. 

 HABITS ASSOCIATED WITH FEEDING AND DRINKING. 



List of foods eaten. 



Food at different seasons. 



Physical characteristics and habits associated with 

 food getting. 



Conveyance and storage of food; hay making. 



Dependence on water; times and manner of 

 drinking; other associated habits. 



INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS. 

 General disposition and temperament ; intelligence ; 

 attitudes; strength; vitality; tenacity of life; cour- 

 age; esthetic sense; eating of young by parenls; 

 cannibalism in general; degree of sociability; play- 

 fulness; length of life. 



Sanitation, cleanly or filthy habits. 



Reactions to sound, light, odor, taste, touch. 



Relation of physical characteristics to sense re- 

 actions. 



RELATION OF CHARACTERISTICS AND HABITS TO 

 EXISTENCE AND SURVIVAL. 



Movements. 



Attitudes. 



Instincts. 



Intelligence. 



Coloration — concealing, disruptive, directive, 

 warning, mimicking. 



BREEDING HABITS. 



Courting antics. 



Relations of the sexes in general ; polygamy 

 (manner of acquisition of harem by male, mode of 



protection of harem, bachelor males); polyandry; 

 promiscuity; monogamy. 



Dates of heat and copulation; associated habits. 



Length of period of gestation. 



Date of birth cf young. 



Number of young. 



Family life; relation of father to family; care 

 of young — feeding; mode of carrying; how long 

 cared for by parents; precocious or backward; 

 length of time in nest; behavior. 



Behavior of adults in postbreeding season; in 

 winter. 



Hybridization between related species. 

 NESTS, SHELTERS, AND OTHER PLACES OF RESORT. 



Natural resorts at different seasons. 



Shelter chambers in general. 



Lairs; dens; forms; beds. 



Nests — plan, elevation, accurate measurements; 

 storage chambers; breeding chambers; chambers 

 for deposit of excrement or for other purposes. 



Nests for different purposes; unoccupied nests. 



Approaches to nests — trails, burrows, tunnels, or 

 runways; protection of nests through the closing of 

 burrows during the daytime or in other ways. 



Habits associated with nest approach. 



Extent of home range. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Are any mammals strictly crepuscular? 



Periodic phenomena of any kind of mammals, 

 aside from migration and hibernation. 



Habits as affected by the seasons of the year. 



Effect of long days, very dark days, full moon, 

 dark cf the moon, on activity. 



Use of glands cf various sorts, as hip glands of 

 meadow mice, metatarsal glands of deer, musk 

 glands, anal glands. 



Weights and dimensions cf bats; precise hour of 

 appearance in the evening and disappearance in 

 the morning; numbers and habits as observed in 

 caves; relative numbers of the sexes; methods of 

 hanging; condition of females with reference to 

 pregnancy. 



PRESENT AND FORMER STATUS. 



Present and former numbers of valuable species, 

 as fur-bearing and game animals, and of pests or 

 those otherwise important; causes of increase or 

 decrease. 



Estimates and counts of numbers of animals per 

 unit of area. 



Fluctuations in numbers from year to year, and 

 causes. 



Plagues, due to unusual increase or destructive- 

 ness of species; origin, course, and virulence; nat- 

 tural checks and methods of control. 



