October, 1920.] 



The Canadian Field-Naturalist 



131 



pools. In the district of Ottawa, however, it does 

 occur in such pools as will be seen below. On 

 June H, 1919, I collected a dozen specimens of 

 this species in McKay Lake, Rockcliffe, near 

 Ottawa, the males were often seen embracing (car- 

 rying) the females, which had many newborn young 

 in the brood-pouch. When I placed the amphi- 

 pods in a glass with water the young ones came 

 forth and swam freely around; rather larger ex- 

 amples, but still minute (2 mm. long) ones, were 

 secured in Pink Lake, outside of Hull, P.Q., on 

 September 22, 1919, so there must be several broods 

 during the summer, probably at least every second 

 month. 



This species has an exceedingly wide distribution 

 on this continent. It has been recorded from Lake 

 Tititaca, Peru; in United States from Maine to 

 Florida and Wisconsin and across to Mexico, Cali- 

 fornia and Oregon; also 48 miles north of Ram- 

 part House, Alaska. The only records of it from 

 Canada were formerly White Horse, Yukon Terri- 

 tory and the Great Lakes (Superior, Ontario, Erie, 

 Georgian Bay) and southern Canada. I am able 

 here to add a number of others, which show that 

 this species occurs in Canada from the Atlantic to 

 the Pacific and from the international boundary 

 line in the south to a considerable distance north- 

 ward, though it probably does not approach the 

 barren grounds of Alaska and Canada. It would 

 be most desirable to secure data to define the 

 northern limit of this species; I did not find it along 

 the arctic coast west of Coronation Gulf, although 

 Cammarus limnaeus is common enough there. As 

 both these amphipods are found in great numbers 

 wherever they occur, and are easily observed and 

 collected it should be a comparatively simple matter 

 to get further data. 



The following unpublished records of this species 

 in Canada are based upon specimens in the Vic- 

 toria Memorial Museum, Ottawa; except where 

 otherwise stated they were all collected by me. 



Four young ones from Pembroke Lake, Grand 

 Etang, West side of Cape Breton Island,* N.S., 

 September 2, 1917; under stones. 



Three full grown specimens (1 male, 2 females) 

 from pond on Amherst Island, Magdalen Island,* 

 P.Q., middle of July, 1917. 



Two small ones from pool at Tadousac, P.Q., 

 September 6, 1919. Several specimens (smaller) 

 from bight of canal at Alexandria Bay, Thousand 

 Islands, N.Y., September 1. 1919. 



A great number of specimens of all sizes and 

 both sexes from the surroundings of Ottawa, Ont., 

 and Hull, P.Q., in 1918 and 1919 from June to 

 October (inclusive), both from pools, ponds, lakes. 



♦These records suggest strongly, that tin species 

 also occur in Newfoundland. 



streams and bights of the Ottawa river. More 

 definite Ottawa district localities are: — McLaurin 

 Bay, Gatineau Point, outside the city of Hull, Fairy 

 Lake, the Golf Club grounds. Pink Lake, etc., all 

 on the Quebec side; and McKay Lake. Rockcliffe, 

 etc., on the Ontario side. There is hardly a pool, 

 stream or lake around Ottawa where it does not 

 occur in great numbers. 



One young specimen from creek (barred at 

 mouth) emptying into Lake Nipissing, near North 

 Bay, Ont., Aug. 25, 1918; among water-plants. 



Three specimens from Cross Lake, Manitoba, 

 summer, 1919, F. J. Alcock, collector. 



I have no records from Saskatchewan. 



Half a dozen specimens from Miquelon and Dry 

 Meat Lake, Alberta (near Camrose), September 

 30, 1918, R. M. Anderson. 



A couple of specimens from stream pool in woods 

 in Jasper Park, (near Jasper station) Alberta, Sep- 

 tember, 1916. 



One dozen specimens from Beaver Pond in val- 

 ley of Kish-e-neh-na creek (Flathead river) B.C., 

 August 27, 1883, J. B. Tyrrell, collector. 



To sum up, our present knowledge of the dis- 

 tribution of freshwater amphipods in Canada and 

 Alaska is as follows: 



One species seems to be limited to the western 

 part of Arctic Alaska; three others to the Great 

 Lakes, the Ottawa Valley and southern Ontario, 

 while two occur from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 

 One of these probably does not reach the barren 

 grounds, while the other is found as far north as 

 the arctic coast, and may thus be termed the only 

 true Canadian species. 



Note: — In Europe there occur in freshwater, — 

 Cammarus pulex and G. ftuviatilis. The genus 

 Cammarus is known already from tertiary deposits. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN AND ALASKAN 

 FRESHWATER AMPHIPODS. 



A. G. Huntsman — Freshwater-Malacostraca of 

 Ontario; Contributions to Canadian Biology, 

 1911-14, Fasc. II.. Ottawa. 1915, p. 149-52. 



A. G. Huntsman — Invertebrates: Natural History 

 of Toronto Region, Toronto, 1913, p. 273-74. 



S. I. Smith — Crustacea of the Freshwaters of the 

 United States America: Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish- 

 eries, Pt. 2 (1872-73). Washmgton 1874, p. 637. 

 A synopsis of the higher Freshwater Crustacea 

 of the northern U.S.A. (east of Mississippi Riv- 

 er) ; p. 690, sketch of the Invertebrate Fauna of 

 Lake Superior. 



S. I. Smith and A. E. Verrill — Invertebra'a dredged 

 in Lake Superior in 1871, (U.S. Lake Survey): 

 Amer. Journ. Science, Series 3, Vol. II. 1871, p. 

 452-53. 



