210 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1912. 
Aberdeenshire. 
Aberdeenshire has so far added no fresh example to the four 
mentioned by Dr. Munro, only one of which however is at present 
really an island, the other examples being now dry land, owing to 
drainage operations. Of this one Mr. Francis Diack, in his recent 
work on Loch Kinnord, gives a very full description, and arrives at the 
conclusion that the larger island may eventually be proved to be 
artificial, as well as the smaller one. 
Inverness-shire. 
In this county Dr. Munro gives four examples. To these we can 
now. add those on Loch Ness, Loch Bruiach, the two in the Beauly 
Firth, two in Loch Garry and Loch Oich, one in Loch Lundi, Loch 
Treig, and Loch nan Kala. These have already been described at the 
beginning of this Report. On the mainland of Inverness-shire—that 
is excluding the Western Isles—nine other examples have been sug- 
gested, a total of twenty fresh examples. That on Loch Meiklie is 
described by Mr. William Mackay, author of ‘ Urquhart and Glen- 
moriston,’ and a well-known authority on Celtic antiquities. He visited 
the island about 1876, and was informed ‘ that a causeway was known 
to run some distance from the shore, and then turn at right angles 
in order to deceive strangers.’ This island, which I visited last year, 
is now submerged, partly no doubt owing to the soft nature of the 
ground on which it is built, and partly owing to the outlet of the loch 
silting up and thus raising the level of the water. 
Loch Lundavra was suggested by Dr. Miller and Mr. Ewen-Watson, 
F.S.A.Scot., as containing an artificial island, the tradition being that 
Macbeth was slain at his stronghold on this island. 
Loch Ruthven.—A careful survey of the island in this loch was 
made by Mr. Roderick McLean, C.A., who also took excellent photo- 
graphs. The island is almost circular with a diameter of 57 feet, and 
stands about 4 feet above the average level of the loch. Though no 
causeway was visible, the natives stated that on a clear day one could 
be seen leading to a peculiar hill or mound on the shore south of the 
island. 
Loch Arkaiqg.—The island here is partly natural, though evidently 
adapted for habitation. The west end is solid rock, but the south side 
seems to show signs of being artificially enlarged and there is. a well- 
preserved causeway going zigzag to the shore. The most interesting 
feature of this island is the large masses of vitrified material, one 
piece still in its original position being 8 feet long by 2 feet 6 inches 
high. 
ieee Pityoulish.—Besides Mr. Angus Grant, who first suggested 
this example, Rev. Mr. Macrae, The Manse, Edderton, writes: ‘ The 
island in Loch Pityoulish I often visited, as.a boy, and I remember it 
was always spoken of as artificial.” I accepted the invitation of Sir 
John Macpherson Grant, Bart., of Ballindalloch, to motor to the loch 
and inspect it with him. Captain Dunbar, the tenant of Pityoulish 
House, kindly placed his boat at our disposal,” and we found the ‘ island ’ 
