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ARCHAOLOGICAL AND ETHNOLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN CRETE. 239 
Norma basilaris : no observations possible. 
Norma occipitalis : the transverse arc is regular, the parietal eminences not 
standing out ; the massive character of the mastoid processes is again 
evident. 
5D.—A calvaria, consisting of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and 
occipital bones, with small portions of the alisphenoids. The specimen 
is very fragile and fragmentary. 
Sex: probably female. 
Age: adult. 
Norma verticalis: an extremely dolichocephalic specimen of ellipsoidal 
form ; hardly any lateral crushing has been sustained. The uniformly 
smooth surface and the faintness of the ridges for muscular attachments 
suggest a female skull. The sagittal suture is commencing to close. 
The specimen was probably just cryptozygous. 
Norma lateralis: the brow-ridges are inconspicuous ; the median sagittal 
curve is continuous and regular fromthe nasion to the opisthion, cul- 
minating about 5 cm. behind the bregma. The zygomatic arches 
are feeble and the mastoid processes small. 
Norma facialis: the relatively great height of the cranial vault is at once 
noticed ; the transverse arc is very regular, but in the post-bregmatic 
region there is a suggestion of scaphocephaly. 
Norma basilaris : the tympanic bones are imperforate. 
Norma occipitalis : the contour is somewhat pentagonal with much-rounded 
angles. 
6D.—A calvaria, consisting of the frontal, parietal, occipital, and 
temporal bones. To this (anteriorly) part of the right side of the 
facial skeleton is attached, consisting of malar, maxilla, and sphenoid. 
The base, the left side of the face, and the mandible are absent. 
The general condition resembles that in most of the preceding 
examples. 
Sex: male. 
Age: adult; well advanced towards senility ; many teeth lost; there is 
much synostosis in the lambdoid and sagittal sutures. 
Norma verticalis : the cranium is elongated and elliptical; it is uniformly 
rounded, with distinct though comparatively fecble muscular ridges. 
It was probably cryptozygous. 
Norma lateralis: the brow-ridges are prominent for this series (in which, 
however, numerous female skulls are included). The median sagittal 
arc is flattened at the bregma ; no distinct occipital renflement appears ; 
there is a prominence at the inion, and the mastoid processes are 
massive. The facial profile was probably orthognathous. 
Norma facialis: the transverse cranial arc is uniformly rounded ; the orbit 
has micro- or meso-seme proportions. The nasal aperture is leptorrhine. 
Norma basilaris: the right alveolar arcade is edentulous, and the left 
tympanic bone is imperforate. 
Norma occipitalis: the contour is pentagonal; the mastoids project 
markedly downwards. The lambdoid suture is partly closed by synos- 
tosis. 
7D.—A cranium without face or mandible. 
Sex: male. 
Age: adult; the cranial sutures are synostosed but chiefly on the endo- 
cranial aspect. 
The surface of the cranial vault is grooved by rootlets of plants. 
Norma verticalis : an elongated ovoid skull. 
Norma lateralis: the cranium is flat ; brow-ridges are massive and promi- 
nent ; the median sagittal curve culminates 3 cm. behind the bregma. 
The occipital renflement is slight but distinct. At the inion a trans- 
versely directed torus is found. The mastoid processes are of moderate 
size only. 
