TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 477 
about the head of Lake Ontario; and due north just beyond the eastern end of 
this lake, where it rises from three to six feet per mile on proceeding northward. 
The ellipse or focus of maximum uplift is situated near latitude 49° N. and 
longitude 76° W., or near the height of land between the lakes and Hudson 
Bay. The deformation, as about Lake Huron, continued to so recent a date as 
subsequent to 3,500 years ago (found from its effects on Niagara Falls) 
The daily records of the lake fluctuations have been kept since 1854. 
Taking the mean at certain points for five-year periods, the errors are largely 
eliminated. Between the periods 1855-59 and 1906-10 there have been absolutely 
no movements of the earth’s crust over a drainage area of 300,000 square miles 
during over fifty years. This result is in contrast with that obtained by Dr. 
G. K. Gilbert’s taking a few odd fluctuations at the same points, giving a rate 
of movement that it is now found does not obtain. 
Recently the cessations of changes of level off the eastern coast of America 
have been shown by Dr. D. W. Johnson, who finds that if there be such in pro- 
gress they do not equal a foot a century. This is also in contrast with the 
submergence of the valleys along our coast-line. 
6. On a Fossiliferous Tufa occurring beneath Chalky Boulder Clay at 
Launde, Leicestershire. By A. R. Horwoop. 
In the Report on Erratic Blocks of the British Isles presented at the Winnipeg 
Meeting, 1909 (Report B.A., 1909, p. 176), I reported the occurrence of a large 
boulder of tufa found by the side of a stream, the River Chater, at Launde, 
Leicestershire. At the time I had no doubt the rock was an erratic. 
Since then Mr. A. J. S. Cannon has brought me a specimen of the same rock 
containing land-shells, which he informed me he had found in situ in the same 
locality. Recognising the importance of this discovery I accompanied him later 
to examine the section, with the result that this rock was found in two different 
places a quarter of a mile apart. 
At the first point a section is exposed in the stream-side as follows :— 
Ft. In. 
iy Sot 48 . : : : 4 : - : - : - — 6 
2. Chalky boulder clay, sand and gravel, with jurassic fossils, 
cirea A 2 : > - . : : . A se ie 
3. Calcareous tufa, with plants and land-shells, also Pisidiwm 
and entomostraca : : — 6 
4, Peat, with plant-remains and shells 1 — 
5. Tufa, similar to 3 ; 2 3 A : — 6 
6. Inclined Margaritatus Shales (Middle Lias) 3 — 
«36 
The disturbed character of the basal beds has no connection with beds 1 to 5, 
which are clearly undisturbed, and have not been inverted or thrown out of 
position since they were deposited. 
The importance of this section is evident, for with the exception of a deposit 
containing plants, annelids, crustacea, and mollusca at Aylestone in the Soar 
Valley in holocene deposits, and a similar fauna at Medbourne in the Welland 
Valley (not yet described), the Launde Section is the only ancient one so far 
discovered in Leicestershire. 
In the same district at Launde the tufa was found exposed in ditch-bottoms 
and rabbit-holes under superficial deposits, some 2,000 feet away. ‘The nearest 
sections of the same or later age are in Rutland at Apethorp, near Stamford, and 
at Casewick. I have been favoured by Mr. A. §. Kennard with specimens of 
the shells collected by J. F. Bentley at Stamford, and described by Professor 
T. R. Jones, and there is a close similarity between such species as Helix rotun- 
data, Vitrea radiatula, and Carychium minimum, which are the dominant shells 
at Launde. There are more than twenty species of land and fresh-water 
shells, besides plants, that remain to be examined. No mammalian remains nor 
evidence of the activity of man in this locality have been found. 
