IV.B. ON SOLUBILITY. 809 
1910 Dolezalek *7* discussed the solubility of gases in liquids from 
* the point of view of his theory of vapour-pressure, and treated 
the system as a highly concentrated solution of the solvent in the 
liquefied gas. He concluded that under ideal conditions the solubility 
of a gas should be the same in all indifferent liquids. In a few isolated 
cases this appears to hold good. 
A paper by Wagner,**"’? which appeared in the same year, dealt with 
the rate of dissolution of salts, the author’s conclusion being that no 
relationship exists between rate of dissolution and solubility. 
IV. B.—Chemical. 
The conclusions of Carnelley and Thomson * regarding the solu- 
1898 bility of isomeric substances were controverted by Walker and 
’ Wood,*! who, from an investigation of the solubility of the three 
isomeric hydroxybenzoic acids in various organic solvents, came to the 
following conclusions: (i) The order of solubility is not the order of 
fusibility ; (ii) the order of solubility is not independent of the solvent 
used; (iii) the ratio of solubility of the three isomerides in different 
solvents is not constant. 
Herz*°® published data of the solubility in water of chloroform, 
carbon bisulphide, ligroin, ether, benzene, amylic alcohol, and aniline, 
and expressed the opinion that no liquid is quite insoluble in water. 
1902 A publication by Meusser™” showed that chlorates of the 
* metals magnesium, zinc, cobalt, nickel, copper, and cadmium are 
less soluble than the nitrates; although among the hexahydrates of the 
chlorates and nitrates no general regularity was apparent. At low 
temperatures the order of solubility of the chlorates follows that of the 
tension of their normal solutions. 
Lumsden **8 examined the solubility of calcium salts of a number of 
fatty acids from formate to pelargonate (nonate). Generally speaking, 
the results made manifest an increase in solubility of normal chain 
compounds from formate to propionate, and then a rapidly decreasing 
solubility as the number of carbon atoms increased. The salts of 
iso-acids are generally more soluble than those of the corresponding 
normal members of the series. 
Measurements of the solubility of dynamic isomerides engaged the 
attention of Lowry,17* who proposed this as a useful method of study- 
ing the change these substances undergo. If at first the more soluble 
isomeride is present a change into the other form is accompanied by a 
lowering of the solubility, and vice versd. 
1903 Walker and Fyffe *°’ showed that the solubility curve of 
* barium acetate consists of three distinct portions—namely, that 
of the anhydrous salt, the mono- and the tri-hydrates. 
1905 Dolinski ?** compared the solubility in water of a number of 
““ "organic acids, including picric, sulphanilic, naphthionic, and 
® naphthylamine-2-sulphonic acid, and of these he found the first two 
correspond closely. 
* Vide Part I., R. 88, 136. 
