812 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1912. IV.c. 
larger positive temperature coefficients than the graph representing the 
solubility of calcium formate.* Another instance of an irregular 
influence being exerted upon the solubility of salts by certain metals was 
afforded by the observation of Cantoni and Zachoder.2°* These authors 
found that of the tartrates of calcium, strontium, and barium, the 
strontium salt is most soluble, and the barium salt least soluble. 
This work was carried further by the same authors,24* who in 
1905 the following year published solubility determinations for the 
5 tartrates of copper, zin d lead. 
pper, zinc, and lea 
Schréder**® found that mercuric chloride, bromide, iodide, and 
cyanide are increasingly soluble in pyridine in the order given above. 
1906 In the next year some interesting observations were recorded 
’ by Winkler ?°* on the absorption coefficients in water of a large 
number of gases at different temperatures. He found that the con- 
stant k in his equation + depends upon the number of atoms in the 
gas molecule, and is proportional to the cube-root of the molecular 
weight of the gas. The more a gas approximates to the ideal state 
the more nearly constant k becomes. 
Experimenting with liquids which separate into layers, Smirnoff 28% 
found that at a given temperature the effect of any one group of 
metals on the separation of isobutyric acid and water increases as the 
atomic weight decreases. 
The solubility of the malates of the alkaline-earth metals was deter- 
mined by Cantoni and Basadonna?*’; the calcium salt was found to 
be least soluble and the strontium salt most soluble—a behaviour which 
is not in harmony with the behaviour of the tartrates and is in direct 
opposition to that of the succinates of these metals. 
It was found by Walden?** that the solubility of the iodides of 
the alkali metals in furfuraldehyde diminished from lithium to 
rubidium in the order given; on the other hand, the solubility of the 
potassium halides in any one solvent is found to increase as the 
molecular weight of the salt increases. 
Trautz and Anschiilz*°* found that the solubility of the chlorates, 
bromates, and iodates of barium decreased in the order above mentioned. 
The benzoates of strontium, potassium, lead, and zine were examined 
by- Pajetta.?8* 
With the object of studying the relationship between molecular 
weight, atomic weight, and the property of solubility, various other 
comparisons were made. 
1907 Menschutkin *°* investigated the solubility of the halides of 
“~"*" magnesium, and found that of the three hexahydrates the 
1909. Chloride is least and the iodide most soluble. Rimbach and Schu- 
bert *°* contrasted the solubility of the oxalates, tartrates, and 
iodates of many of the metals of the rare earths. 
Antropoff *88 studied the solubility in water of the inert 
1910. we . ; 
gases xenon, krypton, argon, neon, and helium, and found that 
the absorption coefficient increased as the molecular weight of the 
solute increased. The solubility of xenon is exceptionally large for 
a gas which does not combine with the solvent. 
* Vide Lumsden. Jouin. Ciem. Soc. 81, 355. + Vide Section V. A. i. 
