814 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1912. V.a.d 
Cavalier and Prost ** examined the solubility of some metallic 
alkyl phosphates, and found the lead salts—(PO,R,),Pb—to be more 
soluble in hot than in cold water, whilst the barium salts PO,RBa 
decrease * in solubility as the temperature is raised. 
1901 Observations somewhat similar to these were made by 
" Meusser,8® who worked with the iodates of cobalt and nickel 
and found the solubility of the di- and tetra-hydrates increase with 
rising temperature, whereas under similar circumstances the solubility 
of the anhydrous salts diminishes. 
In the same year the relationship between temperature and solu- 
bility of barium oxalate was studied by Groschuff,8® and Winkler 87 
calculated the absorption coefficients of air, nitric oxide, carbon 
monoxide, methane, and ethane at temperatures ranging from 0° to 
100°. The values found by this investigator were slightly different 
from those previously obtained by Bunsen. The solubilities of gaseous 
oxygen, methane, and ethane in methylic alcohol and acetone were 
found by Levi}? to decrease regularly with rise of temperature, in 
accordance with the general rule of gaseous absorption. 
1902 Lumsden "18 found that with rise of temperature the solu- 
‘ bility curves of hydrated calcium salts of fatty acids first fall 
to a minimum and then steadily rise again. The anhydrous formate, 
however, gives a continuous rising curve. 
A careful study of the solubility of natural gypsum in highly purified 
water was conducted by Hulett and Allen.141 Meusser 117 determined 
the transition points of various hydrated chlorates of manganese, zinc, 
cobalt, nickel, &c. from solubility graphs; and the solubility data for 
ammonium nitrate in water between 12° and 40° were revised by Miiller 
and Kaufmann.*5* 
1903 According to Euler 15* the solubility of silver oxide and silver 
* chloride in aqueous methylamine and ethylamine varies but little 
with change of temperature. In the case of anthracene, anthraquinone, 
and quinol dissolved in liquid sulphur dioxide the temperature influence 
was found to be large. Centnerszwer and Teletoff 1** state that these 
substances are quite sparingly soluble at ordinary temperatures, but 
the solubility increases rapidly as the temperature is raised. 
Study was made of the solubility and transition points of lithium 
nitrate and its hydrates by Donnan and Burt,1** and the solubility 
curve of sodium tetraborate was traced by Horn and Wagener.%" 
These latter authors found that there was a marked change of direction 
in the neighbourhood of 60° to 62° on the curve, thus confirming the 
observations of Lescceur, who had found previously, from vapour 
tension measurements, that 60° was the temperature of transition from 
the deca- to the penta-hydrate. 
Lichty 17> determined the solubilities of the halide salts of lead at 
temperatures ranging from 0° to 100° C. He found that the iodide 
is least soluble and the bromide the most soluble at 100°; at 0° the 
chloride is the most soluble. Cassuto 18t experimented with hydrogen, 
oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide, and found the solubility in 
water to decrease rapidly as the temperature rises. 
* An exception being the salt of the ethyl compound which has a maximum 
solubility at 40° C. 
