ON CANADIAN PLEISTOCENE FLORA AND FAUNA. 525 



Lists of the fossils found at Scarborough and in the Don Valley up to 

 the past year have been published in the papers previously referred to in 

 this report, while additional species of plants found during the year are 

 detailed in the appendix, so that it will be unnecessary to give lists in 

 full of the fossils of the Toronto formation. The following summary will 

 serve to give a general idea of the fauna and flora of the two divisions of 

 the formation : — 



Fossils of the Don Valley Beds, 



Fauna. — Unios, 10 species and a variety ; three not now found in 

 Canada. Other lamellibranchs, 5 species. Gasteropods, 20 species ; making 

 35 molluscs, Cyprids (undetermined), at least one species. Fish (un- 

 determined), one species. Beetles (undetermined), a few species. 



Flora. — Trees, 35 species ; several not now found as far north as 

 Toronto, one extinct. Grasses, only one determined. Mosses (undeter- 

 mined), several species. Chara, one species ; making in all more than 70 

 species of plants and animals. 



Fossils of tlie Cold-climate Beds. 



Fauna. — Lamellibranchs, 2 species. Gasteropods, 3 species. Beetles, 

 56 species determined by Dr. Scudder, with others not yet worked out.' 

 Horn of Rangifer caribou. 



Flora. — Trees, 6 species. Shrubs, 2 species. Mosses, probably 10 

 species. Chara, 1 species. Diatoms, 3 species ; in all 22 species of 

 plants, making a total of 84 species of plants and animals. Omitting 

 species common to both sets of deposits, the whole number of plants and 

 animals found in the Toronto formation exceeds 1 40. 



Cai'eful search has been made for remains oi Apus glacialis in material 

 from the peaty clays, Mr. Bennie having been good enough to send 

 excellent slides of mounted specimens for comparison, but hitherto none 

 has been found. It is probable that the climate during the formation of 

 the Scarborough beds, though decidedly cooler than that of Toronto at 

 present, was not Arctic in character, so that Ajnts glacialis could hardly be 

 expected to occur. It is intended to search some of the stratified clay 

 and sand interbedded with boulder clay in the complex of the middle till 

 of the region, which must have been laid down under Arctic conditions. 



APPENDIX. 



Pleistocene Flora of the Don Valley. — By D. P. Peniiallow. 



Investigations of the Pleistocene flora for the past year, conducted 

 under the patronage of the British Association, have been confined almost 

 exclusively to the deposits in the vicinity of Toronto, where special 

 explorations have been made under the immediate supervision of Prof. 

 A. P. Coleman. The material obtained has been of two kinds : (a) frag- 

 ments of wood in various stages of preservation, and {b) leaves and fruits. 

 It has served not only to confirm previous conclusions as to the character 



' Contributions to Can. Pal., vol. ii., part 1, Insects. Twenty-five species, all 

 extinct, found by Dr. Hinde at Scarborough, are here described and figured. The 

 others have not yet been published. 



