TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION E. 945 



as on the mainland, were toots and breeches in one. They keep reindeer and 

 sledge-dog-s. 



The paper was illustrated by a series of lantern-slides from photographs taken 

 •during the visit. 



4. The Impending Economic Revolution in China. By G. G. Chisholm. 



5. On a Proposed Great Globe. By Professor Elisee Reclus. 



The author advocated the construction of a terrestrial globe on the scale of 

 1 : 500000 — i.e. about 84 feet in diameter, the surface of which should show the 

 relief of the Earth's surface on the same scale. He dwelt upon the educational 

 and scientific value of a globe constructed in this way. 



6. The Edinburgh Outlook Toioer. By Professor Patrick Geddes. 



The intellectual tradition of Edinburgh is not only one of education but of 

 publication, and this not only of abstract philosophy, but also very largely of con- 

 crete encyclopaedias,- and notably also of atlases, maps, and gazetteers. An ancient 

 metropolis of national life and government, it remains a centre of historic interest 

 and tourist resort. Unusually rich and complete in all the elements of a Ilegional 

 Survey, it is also interested in world survey ; ^ and if politically less important 

 in the practical world than of old, it has become more widely connected with the 

 world than ever — witness the proverbially wide dispersion of Scotsmen through 

 England and the Empire, through America, and indeed through the whole world. 

 Its great names are thus truly representative — Scott or Stevenson of the historic 

 and romantic interest of their geographic microcosm ; Adam Smith and his canny 

 following of the economic shrewdness and foresight of a race disciplined by 

 northern winters. These characteristic special interests and practical activities are 

 thus really, alike in region and race, in unison ; and the problem of the Outlook 

 Tower is to express these, to give them objective e.xpression, as the many sides of 

 a single regional and racial development, in short as a geographic unity. This 

 Eegional Outlook Tower is thus itself a regional product ; although its principle is 

 easily adaptable to every region, as that of an encyclopaedia may be used anywhere. 



I. The Tower, therefore, in the first place, has arisen from the attempt again to 

 prepare an encyclopedia, but now in rational order, exhibiting things in their 

 mutual relations. Things are not mainly in printed, but in graphic form, and 

 in rational order — i.e. with all subjects shown as far as possible in their mutual 

 relations. Its basement rooms are thus planned first for an outline classification of 

 the arts and sciences ; of course not losing the traditions from Aristotle or Bacon 

 to Comte and Spencer, but attempting a simple restatement of these. So far, 

 however, its appeal is primarily to students of the special arts and sciences on the 

 one hand ; to the professed scientific philosopher on the other. To a more con- 

 crete treatment, however, and now one of direct appeal to the geographer, all the 

 remaining storeys are devoted ; the familiar rival methods of approach — (a) the 

 narrowing from World through Europe, Empire to Scotland, City and actual 

 Prospect and Neighbourhood ; and (/)) the starting with the most intimate detail of 

 these and widening outwards to the World — being reconciled and equally utilised by 

 the simple device of devoting one storey of the Tower to each of these areas. 

 Thus the exhibition of the ground-floor centres round a globe with an outline 

 survey of the main concepts of World-geography — e.g. an incipient collection of 

 maps and illustrative landscapes, an outline of the progress of geogi'aphical dis- 

 covery and of map-making, &c. Tiie first floor is devoted to the geography and 

 history of Europe in correspondingly fuller treatment ; the second is set apart for 



' The Paper will appear in the Scottish Geograpldcal Magazine. 



~ E.g. Encyc. Brit., Chambers's Encyc, &c. 



" Cf. the Eoyal Scottish Geographical Society or the Challenger Expedition. 



1898. 3 p 



