COMMON BUTTEBFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 753 



suftused with grey; tail black, edged and tipped with white. Underside: 

 white, the black markings very similar but of a bronze-brown with the 

 following exceptions : — Fore wing : extensions below the median vein of 

 the basal, subbasal and median transverse bands crossing the cell, and the 

 inner portion below the vein 4 of the terminal, broad band, black. Hind 

 wing : the inner discal band is broken, irregular and black and is bordered 

 by a series of red spots outwardly edged with black; and, sometimes, faintly 

 on the inside as well, the subterminal series of white lunules are broadly 

 «dged on the outside with black; the grey patch on the caudal region is re- 

 placed by ochreous grey. Antennas black ; head, thorax and abdomen 

 creamy white with a medial, broad, longitudinal band ; the abdomen with 

 lateral, black stripe ; the thorax suffused with grey. — Expanse 68-95mm., 

 the males being the same size as females. 



Larva. — The caterpillar is greatest in diameter about segments 4, 5 and 

 the dorsum is somewhat flattened, the sides being in a plane at right angles 

 to it : the transverse section being a trapeze though, of course, with the 

 ■coi-ners rounded, the ventrum-base being the shortest side ; it decreases in 

 diameter rather rapidly to anal segment which is narrow, smooth, rather 

 long, ending in two straight, diverging, squarely separated, triangularly 

 <;onical points ; segments 2 to 4 are conspicuously flat on the dorsal 

 portion. The head is greenish yellow in colour, round, more or less hidden 

 .under segment 2 in repose ; the front margin of segment 2 straight. Segment 

 ,2 is about twice as broad at the front margin as the larva is at anal extre- 

 mity. The ventrum is flattened. Segments 2-4 have each a short, lateral, 

 .conical, sharp, black spine, centrally situated and all of equal length. 

 Spiracles are small, oval, finely bordered with black. Surface is dull, 

 smooth. Coloiir of larva is grass-green with a subspiracular, yellowish 

 jline ; top of segments down to the lateral region is greeny-whitish with 

 a braad, dorsal, olive-green band, generally indistinct on segments 

 2-4 ; every segment except the last has two depressed brown lines across 

 the greenish-white part parellel to the front and hinder margins, giving 

 .the appearance to each segment of having three folds ; segment 4 has four 

 :such folds, the three anterior of which are black ; there is a brown, inter- 

 irupted, lateral line bordering the dorsal greenish-white area of all segments ; 

 ventrum light green. The osmeteria are shiny, glossy green in colour. 

 Some larvae have black instead of brown in the above description and in 

 tthis case the dorsum instead of being greenish- white is black with or with- 

 K)ut two or three short, transverse lines laterally to each segment 6-11 

 forming a dorso lateral interrupted band on each side. Sometimes the 

 .colour may be dark, rusty brown instead of black and then the lateral 

 band of short white marks is wanting. L: 32mm.; B: at segment 4-5, 

 ^ mm.; H : at same place, 7 mm. 



Pupa. — The pupa is square-fronted po'nted behind, with two well separated 



