COMMOX BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 76o 



<louble white subspiracular line from segment 5 to anal end. The osmeteria 

 are light yellow in colour. L : o8mm. ; B : 10mm. 



Pupa. — Like those of P. doson and P. tevedon. — Head very slightly convex 

 across frons with two small, short, though prominent cones, one on each eye ; 

 segment 2 and head form together, seen from above, a square, slanting up 

 •from front of pupa at an angle of 7o° with longitudinal axis of pupa to base 

 of thoracic process ; thorax little broader than segment 2, its front slope to 

 base of process at an angle of 75" to the pupal length -axis ; the process 

 2"7omm. long, stout (1mm. by 2mm.) laterally compressed, rounded at 

 extremity projecting out in front, perpendicular to the front slope of thorax, 

 continued dorsally backwards in a straight line with dorsum of abdomen, 

 there being no constriction ; the wings are expanded laterally into a 

 narrow ledge ; the abdomen is more or less square in transverse 

 section and diminishes gradually in diameter to cremaster ; the cremas- 

 ter also square in section ; surface of pupa finely rugose under the lens 

 ,all over. Spiracles of segment 2 narrow brown slits ; others rather round, 

 moderately large, with a central oval inside which is a raised central slit, 

 colour of the body. Colour grass-green with a row of darker green, sub- 

 dorsal spots on abdomen ; dorsal margins of wings lined with brown-red 

 and slightly raised, the ridge thus formed running up to thoracic process, 

 starting from front margin of segment 8 ; this red-brown marking is inter- 

 rupted by an included small, white spot on the common margin of segments 

 6 and 7 and includes another white, triangular spot at front margin of 

 segment 5 and another at the margin of segment 4 : the apex of this latter 

 spot is connected by a line with a prominent, horse-shoe shape ridge on the 

 shoulder ; edges of cremaster, four of them, white, the two upper ones 

 being produced along sides of abdomen forwards to meet dorsally at ante- 

 rior margin of segment 4 ; the other two white edges stop at segment 10. 

 L : 29mm. ; B : 9mm. 



Hctbits. — The oviposition, the shape, colour of egg are the same as 

 for P. doson. When young the larva lives on the centre of the 

 upperside of a leaf ; when full grown hides in a similar position 

 among the innermost leaves of the plant. It is subject to para- 

 sitic attack. The pupation takes place on the underside of a leaf, 

 against a stalk or on a twig, the tail-fixing being strong, the body- 

 loop fairly short. The butterfly is a fast, strong flier and is very 

 fond of flowers ; it has a skipping flight and keeps much to certain 

 beats over bushes and low vegetation where it flies backwards and 

 forwards in the hot sun. It is found in all sorts of country 

 except the very dry regions and is fairly plentiful everywhere in 

 India, both in the jungles and in the open, in the hills and in the 



