122 DISTRIBUTION OF EXTINCT ANIMALS. [part ii. 



deposits in Burmah, and by two others from the Pliocene of the 

 Nerbudda Valley ; while Hippotherium — a slender, antelope-like 

 animal, found in the Siwalik Hills and in Europe — is supposed 

 to form a transition from the Equidae to the Tapiridae. These 

 latter are found in the Upper Indus deposits, where there is a 

 species of Tapirus, and one of an extinct genus Antclothcrium. 

 Of Rhinoceros, five extinct species have been found — in the 

 Siwalik Hills, in Perim Island, and one at an elevation of 16,000 

 feet in the deserts of Thibet. Hippopotamus occurs in the Plio- 

 cene of the Nerbudda, and is represented in the older Miocene 

 deposits by Hexaprotodon, of which three species have been 

 found in various parts of India. Another remarkable genus, 

 Mcrycopotci7iius, connects Hippopotamus with Anthracothcrium, 

 one of the extinct European forms allied to the swine, these 

 last are represented by several large species of Sus, and by the 

 extinct European genus Cheer otherium. 



The extinct Anoplotheridee are represented by a species of 

 the European genus Chalicothcrium, larger than a horse. 



An extinct camel, larger than the living species, was found 

 in the Siwalik Hills. 



Three species of deer (Ccrvus) have been found in the 

 Siwaliks, and one in the Nerbudda deposits. 



A large and a small species of giraffe {Camelopardalis) were 

 found in the Siwalik Hills and at Perim Island. 



The Bovidse are represented by numerous species of Bos, and 

 by the extinct genera Hemibos and Amphibos. There are also 

 three species of antelopes, one of which is allied to the African 

 Alccplxalus. 



We now come to an extraordinary group of extinct animals, 

 probably forming a new family intermediate between the 

 antelope and the giraffe. The Sivatherium was an enormous 

 four-horned ruminant, larger than a rhinoceros. It had a short 

 trunk like a tapir, the lower horns on the forehead were simple, 

 the upper pair palmated. The Bramatherium, an allied form 

 from Perim Island, showed somewhat more affinity for the 

 giraffe. 



Proboscidea. — No less than seven species of elephants and four 



