chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION. 427 



Celebes as far as at present known, though many small species 

 may yet be discovered. 



1. Cynopithecus nigrescens. 7. Barbirusa alfurns. 



2. Tarsius spectrum. 8. Sciurus (5 peculiar sp.) 



3. Viverra taugalunga. 9. Mus (2 peculiar sp.) 



4. Cervus hippelaphus. 10. discus (2 peculiar sp.) 



5. Auoa depressicornis. Also 7 species of bats, of 



6. Sus celebensis. which 5 are peculiar. 



The first — a large black ape — is itself an anomaly, since it is 

 not closely allied to any other form of quadrumana. Its flat 

 projecting muzzle, large superciliary crests and maxillary ridges, 

 with the form and appearance of its teeth, separate it altogether 

 from the genus Macacus, as represented in the Indo-Malay isl- 

 ands, and ally it closely to the baboons of Africa. 1 We have al- 

 ready seen reason to suppose that it has been carried to Batchian, 

 and there is some doubt about the allied species or variety (C. 

 niger) of the Philippines being really indigenous there; in which 

 case this interesting form will remain absolutely confined to Cel- 

 ebes. (2.) The tarsier is a truly Malayan species, but it is said to 

 occur in a small island at the northern extremity of Celebes and 

 on some of the Philippine islands. It might possibly have been 

 introduced there. (3) and (4) — a civet and a deer — are, almost cer- 

 tainly, as in the Moluccas, introduced species. (5.) Anoa depressicor- 

 nis. This is one of the peculiar Celebesian types ; a small straight- 

 horned wild-bull, anatomically allied to the buffaloes, and some- 

 what resembling the bovine antelopes of Africa, but having no 

 near allies in the Oriental region. (6.) Sus Celebensis ; a peculiar 

 species of wild-pig. (7.) Babirusa alfurus ; another remarkable 

 type, having no near allies. It differs in its dentition from the 

 typical Suidse, and seems to approach the African Phacochcerida?. 

 The manner in which the canines of the upper jaw are reversed, 

 and grow directly upwards in a spiral curve over the eyes, is 

 unique among mammalia. (8.) Five squirrels inhabit Celebes, and 

 all are peculiar species. (9.) These are forest rats of the sub-genus 

 Gymnomys, allied to Australian species. 10. Cuscus. This typical 



1 The general form of the skull agrees best with that of Cynocephalus 

 mormon, the largest and most typical of the African baboons ; while the 

 position of the nostrils brings it nearer the macaques. 



