120 DISTRIBUTION OF EXTINCT ANIMALS. [part ii. 



genera, Cainotlierium and Microtheriuin, in the Miocene of 

 France. They were of very small size, and are supposed to be 

 intermediate between the Suidfe and Tragulidte. 



The Camelopardalidiie, or giraffes, were represented in Europe 

 in ]\Iiocene times by the gigantic Hclladothcrmvi, which has 

 been found in the south of France, and in Hungary, as well as 

 in Greece. The chevrotains (Tragulida?) are represented by 

 the extinct genus Hyuynoschus. 



The Cervidae do not seem to have appeared in Europe before 

 the Upper IMiocene epoch, when they were represented by 

 Dorcatheriuin and Ampliiviosclius, allied to IloscJms, and also by 

 true Cervics, as well as by small allied forms, Drcmotherium, 

 Amphitra gains (in the Lower Miocene), Microvuryx, Palmomeryx, 

 and Dicrocerus. 



The BovidiE, or hollow-horned ruminants, were not well 

 represented in Central Europe iu Miocene times. There were 

 no sheep, goats, or oxen, and only a few antelopes of the genus 

 Tragoccrus, and one allied to Ilippotrag'us ; and these all lived 

 in the Upper Miocene period, as did the more numerous 

 forms of Greece. 



Pruhoscidca. — The true elephants do not extend back to the 

 Miocene period, but they are represented by the IVIastodous, 

 which had less complex teeth. These first appear in the Upper 

 IMiocene of Europe, five species being known from Fi-ance, 

 Germany, Switzerland, and Greece. Dinotherimn, already 

 noticed as occurring in Greece, extended also to Germany and 

 France, where remains of three species have been found. 



Rodeniia. — A considerable number of generic forms of this 

 order have been obtained from the Miocene strata. The prin- 

 cipal genera are Criceiodon, allied to the hamsters, numerous in 

 both the Upper and Lower iVIiocene period of France ; Myoxus 

 (the dormice) in France, and an allied genus, BracJiymys, in Ger- 

 many. The beaveis were represented by the still living genus 

 Castor, and the extinct Stencofihcr in France. The squirrels by 

 the existing Scuirus and S'pcrmopltilus ; and by extinct forms, 

 Lithomys and Aulacodon, in Germany, tlie latter resembling the 

 African genus Aulacodes. The hares, by Lagomys and an 



