122 DISTRIBUTION OF EXTINCT ANIMALS. [part ii. 



deposits in Burmah, and by two others from the Pliocene of the 

 Nerbudda Valley ; while Ilippothcrimn — a slender, antelope-like 

 animal, found in the Siwalik Hills and in Europe — is supposed 

 to form a transition from the Equidae to the Tapiridse. These 

 latter are found in the Upper Indus deposits, where there is a 

 species of Tapirus, and one of an extinct genus Antclothennm. 

 Of Bhinoceros, five extinct species have been found — in the 

 Siwalik Hills, in Perim Island, and one at an elevation of 16,000 

 feet in the deserts of Thibet. ITippoiwtamns occurs in the Plio- 

 cene of the ISTerbudda, and is represented in the older Miocene 

 deposits by Hco:.aproiodon, of which three species have been 

 found in various parts of India. Another remarkable genus, 

 Merycopotamus, connects Hippopotamus with Anthracotlicrium, 

 one of the extinct European forms allied to the swine. These 

 last are represented by several large species of Sus, and by the 

 extinct European genus Chozroflicrium. 



The extinct Anoplotherid?e are represented by a species of 

 the European genus Chalicothcrium , larger than a horse. 



An extinct camel, larger than the living species, was found 

 in the Siwalik Hills. 



Three species of deer (Ccrrus) have been found in the 

 Siwaliks, and one in the Nerbudda deposits. 



A large and a small species of giraffe (Camclopardalis) were 

 found in the Siwalik Hills and at Perim Island. 



The Bovidse are represented by numerous species of Bos, and 

 by the extinct genera Hemibos and Amphihos. There are also 

 three species of antelo]3es, one of Avhich is allied to the African 

 Alccphalus. 



We now come to an extraordinary group of extinct animals, 

 probably forming a new family intermediate between the 

 antelope and the giraffe. The Sivatherimn was an enormous 

 four-horned ruminant, larger than a rhinoceros. It had a short 

 trunk like a tapir, the lower horns on the forehead were simple, 

 the upper pair palmated. The Bramatliernim, an allied form 

 from Perim Island, showed somewhat more affinity for the 

 giraffe. 



Prohoscidca. — No loss than seven species of elejihants and four 



